After the beginning of autumn, the cultivation of open field vegetables entered the peak season. In this issue, we provide reference and reference for the cultivation and management of open field vegetables through experience summaries and inadequate analysis.
Coriander: Current Management Focuses on "Three Preventions"
Parsley, not high-temperature, hi-cold climate, planted in hot summer rainy season, prone to convulsions, "red stalk", rotten heart and Other issues.
Anti-flavoured parsley planted in summer and autumn, although not convulsed by low temperature during seedling stage, it will twitch due to long days (conditions) in summer and autumn. This requires the selection of cildro-resistant coriander varieties in production. In addition, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened (small water should be poured 5 to 7 times during the whole growth period of the parsley, first water, once every 10 days, once every 6 to 7 days from the fourth water. Miao Fei, applying urea about 10 kilograms per acre, after each pouring 2 to 3 times to catch water once urea, 10 to 12.5 kilograms per acre), can also reduce the occurrence of convulsions.
Prevention of "red stalk" Coriander "red stalk", that is, the stem and leaf portion of parsley from green to red, reducing the commercial value of parsley, the purchase price by half. During the summer and autumn, the parsley planted in the open season is exposed to strong light and turns red, especially when the seedlings are too late (plant height exceeds 8 cm). In order to prevent the emergence of "red stalks" in the parsley crops, one is early morning seedlings. In the production, seedlings are grown to a height of 3 cm in height, and the spacing between the seedlings is kept at about 2 cm; the second is to cover the shade net, conditional Farmers can plant scaffolding 80 to 100 cm high after sowing. The shed is covered with a shade net.
Anti-rainwater In summer and autumn, there is a lot of rain, which is very harmful to the coriander seedlings just after emergence. After the heavy rain, it suddenly turned green and could easily lead to rotten parsley. After the rain, the well water is poured over and it is appropriate to not submerge the seedlings to prevent the parsley from boiling.
Ginger: Fertilizing Soil to "Two Bots"
After avoiding topdressing of nitrogenous fertilizers, after the beginning of autumn, as the temperature gradually decreases, the nutrients of ginger stems and leaves will gradually return to underground tubers, promoting its expansion. If high-nitrogen fertilizer is still applied at this stage, it will inevitably lead to prosperous growth. Plant nutrients will be consumed in the growth of stems and leaves, and nutrients accumulated in underground tubers will decrease, leading to a decline in yield. It is understood that there are a lot of farm households that are chasing high-nitrogen fertilizers during this period, and they have more than 100 kg of mu. In this reminder, the period should be top dressing in accordance with the ratio of 3:1:4 ginger ginger to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
It is understood that in the past few years, more and more farmers have used mechanical earth-cultivation, and this has, to some extent, aggravated the damage to the root system of ginger (because the width of the ditch cultivated by the cultivator is about 20 centimeters wide). The ridge height is about 40 centimeters, while the artificial soil, the bottom width of about 10 centimeters, ridge height of about 35 centimeters). Once the root system of ginger is injured, it will inevitably affect the absorption of nutrients and water, thus hindering growth. At the same time, due to root injury, the ability to resist disease is reduced, which can easily lead to an increase in soil-borne diseases. Combined with the current positive rainy season, the spread of disease is very likely. So how can we avoid it? First, artificial earth-cultivation should be carried out as much as possible. If earth-cultivation is used for earth-cultivation, depth should be paid attention to, and a ridge height of 30 cm is appropriate. Second, in the case where the earth-cultivation method cannot be changed, it can be avoided by adjusting the growth direction of underground tubers of ginger. Injuring roots, that is, when sowing ginger mothers, consciously planting ginger mothers perpendicular to planting lines, making Zingiber and Sun Jiang also vertical to the planting line, when the soil is cultivated, the whole tuber is perpendicular to the planting line, and the fleshy roots Lateral roots and hairy roots extend in a straight line and do not cause excessive damage when soil is used.
In addition, ginger soil should not be immediately watered after top dressing. It is recommended to water it every other day to facilitate the healing of ginger root wounds.
Potato: Strictly "three levels" in production
Immerse the germination pass and cut the selected potato pieces along the top and down into two pieces. Rinse the solution and starch from the incision with cold water. Soak it in 1% lime water for 1 hour. Then remove it in a cool place. Dry germination. The natural germination method can be used to germinate, choose cool, cool, low temperature place, cut the potatoes into small pieces (each with 1 to 3 buds), then use cold water to wash, dry, and then use moist sand indoors Layers covered the germination, three or four layers were piled up, and the grass cover was kept on top to keep the water temperature at about 20°C. When the bud is 1 to 1.5 centimeters long, take it out and put it in the cool outdoor place for 1 to 3 days to sow it.
During the planting of the potato crops in autumn, in case of sunny weather in Jiuqing, there will be less soil moisture, and the seed blocks will lose water and shrink and lose their viability, resulting in lack of seedlings. In this case, you should first deal with the kind of blocks, and then sow when the soil is full. Daejeon is 3 meters wide to make hoeing and dig the sowing ditch with a spacing of 40 to 50 centimeters. l ~ 2 days before sowing, irrigation ditch dipping. When sowing, the soil layer should be loosened first, and then the planting pieces should be placed at a spacing of 25 cm. If the planting is sunny, it is best to do it before 10 o'clock in the morning or after 5 o'clock in the afternoon. Wrong seedlings are broadcast between the line and the line to facilitate ventilation and light in the field. After sowing, rice straw or wheat straw shall be covered on the surface of the seedlings and shall be peeled off after 20% to 30% emergence. The sowing period of autumn potatoes is controlled in the middle and early September. Generally, 5500 to 6000 holes are planted per acre. When the seedling height is about 15 centimeters, soil is cultivated to increase soil permeability.
Top dressing and soil cultivation is very important for potato cultivation. It can not only increase the number of stem segments not included in the soil, but also induce more lychee to form tubers. It can also avoid litchi exposed to visible light but no tuber or potato chips. And stop growing. Due to the covering of rice straw or straw, seedlings may not be soiled at the seedling stage, and once at the beginning of the planting stage (before and after 12 leaves), the soil will be soiled once when the line is sealed.
Autumn potatoes need more fertilizer, short growth period, should be based on basal fertilizer, seedlings can see fertilizer 2 to 3 times; hair tree topdressing once promoted potato fertilizer, 25 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per acre, the fertilizer can be Combined earthing is completed; potato (plant before and after flowering) is sprayed with 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 3% urea solution for 1 or 2 times. In addition, the moisture management of autumn potatoes, on the one hand to prevent the waterlogging and rotten potatoes at seedling stage, on the other hand to prevent the lack of water during the potato, the potato is very sensitive to water before and after flowering, water shortage can cause serious reduction in production. When irrigating with small water ditches, it is not appropriate to diffuse over the surface.
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