In apple production, due to improper pruning, imbalances of tree strength such as up-down, down-up, down-up, up-down, and outer-up and down-in are often caused, resulting in imbalanced distribution of results and decline in yield. The pruning technique of the apple imbalance tree is introduced as follows:
I. Strong outer and weak trees The outer branches are strong, there are many branches, and the extended branch tip angle is small. For external strong and weak internal trees, first adjust the angles of the main and side branches, try to increase the number of branches on the back and sides of the main side, thin out the overcrowded branches and perennial branches around the crown, and increase the light intensity of the inner chamber, which is conducive to the increase of branches. Accumulate nutrients and enhance growth potential. On the back, you can use the method of ring cutting to promote flower control and grow, and you can also cut short in winter to cultivate branch groups. The thin branches of the inner bore are truncated at the full buds, enhancing their growth potential.
2. The central leadership of the upper and lower weak trees keeps strong branches and short shoots every year. The branches are strong and rise too quickly, resulting in a strong phenomenon of the tree in 2 to 3 years. The first layer is too heavy or sparse. Too many branches, few leaves, slow growth in thickening, limiting branch potential to expand the crown. In addition, there are too many strong branches in the middle and upper part of the trunk, and the opening angle of the main branch in the first layer is too large. It also affects the growth of the first layer of the branch and the phenomenon of strong and weak. Under normal circumstances, this type of tree can be used to remove excessively dense and excessively strong branches in the middle and upper part of the tree, leaving the middle branch as the head, and the remaining branches to be flattened and smoothed. At the same time, the upright branches on the back of the backbone branch should be removed as much as possible. The middle branch method is used to extend the head of the lower main branch, and the branches on both sides are shortened as much as possible to increase the number of branches as soon as possible to enhance the growth potential.
3. The central leadership of the lower strong upper weak tree keeps weak branches and weak buds every year. The upper main branches are weak, and the lower main branches are strong and thick, which will inevitably cause the lower strong. The three main branches at the base are strong and coexisting. It is easy to cause the phenomenon of "scracking the neck" in the middle stem and affect the growth of the central leadership. Suppress the lower part and promote the upper part. Select the weakest branch as the main branch of the lower layer and dredge the strong branches as much as possible. The angle of the main branch branches can be opened and the flowers can be promoted to suppress the growth of the main branch under the crown. The main branches of the first layer are fruitful. Appropriately thin the overly dense branches of the upper main branches, the main branches of the second and third layers, and the central leading trunk. Multi-short cut methods are used to accelerate the increase of the amount of branches and leaves, control the amount of flowers and fruits, and enhance their growth.
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