1, lack of exercise-induced injury
In the modern genotype sows, the feed intake decreased and physical fitness decreased as a result of strong individual breeding. About 130kg of gilts were allowed to enter the limit column after mating, however, sow individuals increased until the fifth production cycle, ie, from 0.4kg/d for the first trimester to Okg/ for the fifth trimester. d Increased weight, during which the sow’s weight gained about 170 kg, but due to entering the limit column, the right to exercise was completely lost. In the case of twice the weight gain, the heart is not able to develop accordingly, and the cardiopulmonary function is not exercised accordingly. The author saw that the original breed of pig had a blue eyelid at 100% after driving 50-100m, and the grown hybrid pigs had blue eyelids at 50% after driving out about 100m, and all showed different degrees of quick breathing. The original species of pig showed 10%-20% sow blue eyes in the quiet position of the limit bar: In the anatomy, the author also saw the size of the sow's heart to the two extremes. The normal pig heart has a weight of 0.28%. A 250kg sow has a heart weight of about 0.7kg. However, the heart of many pigs examined is smaller than this value, which is usually about 0.5kg. Some sows have a heart weight of about 2kg, showing a clear heart. Expansion, lung bleeding. This all proves that the limit bar hurts sow lung tissue and function.
2. Increased "Fugui disease", degeneration of pig population and decline in disease resistance
Due to the abundance of nutrients and the lack of exercise, certain functions of the herd are degraded and there is an increase in the breeding of pigs. Performance delayed production (long labor) and increased dystocia, urogenital diseases and hooves disease increased. The degeneration of pig population, weakened cardiopulmonary function, and decreased anaerobic metabolism endurance have reduced the immune response ability of pigs to a certain extent, which is one of the factors of some immune failures.
3, the traditional limit bar hardware damage to the sow
Unreasonable limit bars have multiple injuries to the sow's body.
3.1 Damage to limb hooves
The slats on the rear slatted floor of the limit bar are too thin (2 cm), especially if the slats are placed perpendicular to the vertical axis of the bar, the hanging hooks will be caught in the seams, causing hoof-hoop contusions, infections, and even fractures. ; If the solid part of the floor of the limit bar is too smooth, it can easily cause hind limb abduction and medial hoof gingivitis; the majority of the limit bar is 2m, and the sows with four or more births are too short, and often eat water in order to eat. The limbs are placed under the abdomen, long-term so that the formation of the hind limbs, so that the load capacity of the hind limbs weakened during mating: some limit bar floors are all solid, urine contamination of the sow hindquarters is serious, often causing hindfoot hooves infection, purulent, Form various deformed hoofs and even lose productivity.
3.2 Damage to the genitourinary system
Many limit bars cannot keep the environment clean. The sow's hindquarters are contaminated by excrement and urine. The sow's urine is short. If you don't pay attention to the health of hindquarters, it is easy to form uplifting infections of the urinary system. In addition, the drinking fountains have a small flow, lack of exercise, and the sow has a small amount of water, thus reducing The urine has a mechanical flushing effect on the urinary tract.
4. Limiting bar's behavior, social and psychological damage to the sow
The behaviour, social and psychological activities of pigs are intertwined, cause and effect each other, and are constrained by the environment. Poor environmental conditions, while hurting the pig's psychology, also cause pigs to exhibit abnormal behavior. The sows in the limit column first feel hungry because of the restriction, and then become restless and annoyed. When the desire is not satisfied and freedom is limited, there will be no reason to be bored, howling, rubbing, empty chewing, shaking his head, repeated biting or chewing on the fence, repeated sucking or playing with the water fountain, repeated Yawning and other stereotyped behavior. Sows with stereotyped behavior generally have poor performance.
The sows in the limit column have long been in a simple environment, lack of social networking, and lack of adaptability to complex environments, thus causing particularly difficult transitions. The rate of recessive estrus is high, and because of the inability to learn other gilts' sexual behavior, some gilts have rickets (rejection of breast-feeding or fear of adolescents).
5, can not be personalized to accurately feed the sow damage
The limitations of the quality of the feeder and the coarseness of the eye's quantification. The limit bar system cannot be personalized and accurately fed. Therefore, it is often seen in the production that there is a big difference in the squeamish status of the pigs, and too much fat and too thin all have a great impact on the sow's production performance. The proportion of hidden estrus is too large, postpartum aplastic anemia increases, and the decrease in the number of fitted sows is a manifestation of this injury.
6, can not implement 24 hours of continuous monitoring of the damage to the sow
The manual management is extremely difficult to continuously monitor, and someone changes the estrus observation from twice a day to three times a day, so that the rate of estrus breeding can be improved. However, it cannot solve the problem fundamentally. As a result, some sows cannot be bred in due course. That is, or the number of litters is small. The sick pigs were not taken care of in time, resulting in the elimination of some sows.
7. Comprehensive damage effect of limit bar on sows
The sow spends most of her life in the limit column. The above-mentioned damaging effects of the limit bar are essentially stress to the sow. This kind of stress is characterized by chronic, long-term, multiple thinking stress. Due to the cumulative effect of time, the stress comprehensive injury effect of the limit bar is serious. The normal level of reproductive ability of the exogenous breeding sows should be 22-26. The sow breeding capacity of most large-scale pig farms in China is less than 22 in many years. In many pig farms, there are only 18 indicators. This has a great relationship with the comprehensive injury effect of the limit bar stress.
Long-term stress on thinking leads to long-term high levels of glucocorticoids in sows, reduced immunity, low levels of immune status, reduced breeding efficiency, leading to the rise of latent infections and persistent infections, becoming a stockpile for pig farms. Threaten to newborn piglets or post-weaned piglets, or even to the entire herd.
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