First, tractor maintenance
1. The steering wheel is shaken, and the front wheel swinging head fails. The steering wheel shakes and the front wheel shakes. The main reason is that the front wheel is improperly positioned and the kingpin is too small. In the absence of instrument detection, try to add a wedge-shaped iron piece to the rear end of the plane of the leaf spring and the front axle support so that the front axle can be turned back and then the caster angle can be increased. After the trial run, it can return to normal.
2. Faults with poor performance of oil pump To solve the problem that the overhauled or repaired locomotive will not start up with the oil pump pump for the first time, the oil filter or the oil outlet pipe should be removed, and then the oil filter should be used to fill the oil hole from the machine body. Oil, immediately on the filter or the oil indicator to the oil indicator, start, the oil will be pumped up.
3, hydraulic tubing fatigue fracture failure Hydraulic tubing due to frequent changes in oil pressure and high oil temperature, resulting in frequent pipe wall relaxation, prone to fatigue damage caused by the accident. In order to effectively extend the service life of the hydraulic hose, it is best to use a thin wire burning spring to put it into the tubing for support.
4, hydraulic brake brake failure failure to seriously check the brake master cylinder and the sub-pump, whether to replace the brake oil on time, completely rule out the air brake circuit, and to see whether the brake pedal meets the scientific height. The pneumatic braking locomotive must check to adjust the maximum brake working pressure and check whether the brake cup and hose have abnormal changes.
5. The diesel engine burns blue smoke and the diesel engine burns blue smoke. In addition to checking whether the cylinder sleeve piston group wears, whether the piston ring elastic force is weakened, whether the oil sump oil is added excessively, or if the air filter oil level is too high, If the problem still remains unsolved, attention should be paid to checking whether the gap between the valve stem and the valve guide is too large as a potential cause.
6, free gear shift after the speed change tractor operation, after the speed change there is a free jump phenomenon, mainly fork shaft slot wear, fork spring weakened, connecting rod joint part of the gap is too large. At this point, the repair slot should be used to replace the fork spring, reduce the gap between the connecting rod joints, and ensure the normal speed change after the files are in place.
Second, the tractor should pay attention to the problem of maintenance
1. Tighten screws and bolts to tighten screws or bolts in important parts of the tractor transmission case, cylinder head, hub, connecting rods, and front axle. The use of tools and tightening torques are specifically stipulated in the manual. If the screws are tightened manually, the screws and bolts Broken bolts, or thread slips or catches cause problems. Ordinary screws or bolts, the tightening torque can be tightened by 4 times the tightening torque of the thread diameter.
2, should avoid the brake oil, gear oil with oil replacement practice, some agricultural machinery to replace oil brake oil, gear oil, the phenomenon is quite common, resulting in a variety of accidents are common. It should be noted that the brake fluid is the medium for the transmission of pressure in the hydraulic brake system of the locomotive. The main components are castor oil and alcohols. Their solubility is good, they are not easily precipitated and corroded, they come in contact with the rubber body, and the expansion rate of the rubber body is small. The engine oil does not have these excellent characteristics. If oil is used instead, it will precipitate easily, and the rubber parts of the brake system will swell, which will easily cause brake failure. Compared with gear oils, oils have low viscosity and weak compressive and wear resistance and load resistance. If oil is used instead of gear oil, the transmission gear is not easy to hang on the oil film, and the lubrication effect is deteriorated, which may cause early wear of the transmission gear, resulting in the effective performance of various components, and the degree of damage is incalculable.
3, the replacement of oil does not clean the oil road Many agricultural operators lack maintenance knowledge or laziness, do not clean the oil in the replacement of oil, their own security risks buried. It should be noted that after the lubricating oil is used, there are many residual mechanical impurities in the oil. Even if the lubricating oil is drained off, impurities still remain in the oil pan and the oil passage. In particular, new or overhauled locomotives have more impurities after commissioning. If they are not clean, they are eager to put them into use. It is very easy to cause accidents such as burning tiles and holding shafts.
4, install the piston with an open flame heating the various parts of the piston thickness uneven, thermal expansion and contraction are different, easily lead to deformation. If the piston is heated to a certain high temperature with an open flame, the metal structure will be damaged and the wear resistance will be reduced after the natural cooling, and its service life will be greatly shortened.
5, butter when installing the cylinder mat Many agricultural hands are used to apply butter when installing the cylinder mat, think that this can increase the airtightness of the cylinder, familiar with this practice is just the opposite. Because of the loss of butter after high temperatures, gaps between cylinder pads, cylinder heads and the plane of the body, high-temperature and high-pressure gas can easily be impacted from here, destroying cylinder mats and causing air leakage. In addition, the butter will produce carbon deposits at high temperatures for a long time, resulting in premature aging of the cylinder mats.
6. Avoid placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position. When some agricultural operators start the locomotive, they are accustomed to placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position. This results in too much fuel being injected into the cylinder and the mixture is too concentrated and difficult to start. The scientific positioning of the throttle is: When the temperature is above 15°C, it is slightly higher than the idle speed. When the temperature is below 15°C, the crankshaft should be idle for a few revolutions. When you feel relaxed, start with a small throttle.
7, should avoid the tank "open pan" sudden cold water Most farmer knows that the engine overload operation, water tank, poor heat will make the tank "open pot", if you add cold water, due to excessive temperature, will lead The cylinder head and cylinder "split". Therefore, once the farmer finds that the tank “opens the pot,†emergency measures should be taken to ensure that the engine cooling water cools itself.
1. The steering wheel is shaken, and the front wheel swinging head fails. The steering wheel shakes and the front wheel shakes. The main reason is that the front wheel is improperly positioned and the kingpin is too small. In the absence of instrument detection, try to add a wedge-shaped iron piece to the rear end of the plane of the leaf spring and the front axle support so that the front axle can be turned back and then the caster angle can be increased. After the trial run, it can return to normal.
2. Faults with poor performance of oil pump To solve the problem that the overhauled or repaired locomotive will not start up with the oil pump pump for the first time, the oil filter or the oil outlet pipe should be removed, and then the oil filter should be used to fill the oil hole from the machine body. Oil, immediately on the filter or the oil indicator to the oil indicator, start, the oil will be pumped up.
3, hydraulic tubing fatigue fracture failure Hydraulic tubing due to frequent changes in oil pressure and high oil temperature, resulting in frequent pipe wall relaxation, prone to fatigue damage caused by the accident. In order to effectively extend the service life of the hydraulic hose, it is best to use a thin wire burning spring to put it into the tubing for support.
4, hydraulic brake brake failure failure to seriously check the brake master cylinder and the sub-pump, whether to replace the brake oil on time, completely rule out the air brake circuit, and to see whether the brake pedal meets the scientific height. The pneumatic braking locomotive must check to adjust the maximum brake working pressure and check whether the brake cup and hose have abnormal changes.
5. The diesel engine burns blue smoke and the diesel engine burns blue smoke. In addition to checking whether the cylinder sleeve piston group wears, whether the piston ring elastic force is weakened, whether the oil sump oil is added excessively, or if the air filter oil level is too high, If the problem still remains unsolved, attention should be paid to checking whether the gap between the valve stem and the valve guide is too large as a potential cause.
6, free gear shift after the speed change tractor operation, after the speed change there is a free jump phenomenon, mainly fork shaft slot wear, fork spring weakened, connecting rod joint part of the gap is too large. At this point, the repair slot should be used to replace the fork spring, reduce the gap between the connecting rod joints, and ensure the normal speed change after the files are in place.
Second, the tractor should pay attention to the problem of maintenance
1. Tighten screws and bolts to tighten screws or bolts in important parts of the tractor transmission case, cylinder head, hub, connecting rods, and front axle. The use of tools and tightening torques are specifically stipulated in the manual. If the screws are tightened manually, the screws and bolts Broken bolts, or thread slips or catches cause problems. Ordinary screws or bolts, the tightening torque can be tightened by 4 times the tightening torque of the thread diameter.
2, should avoid the brake oil, gear oil with oil replacement practice, some agricultural machinery to replace oil brake oil, gear oil, the phenomenon is quite common, resulting in a variety of accidents are common. It should be noted that the brake fluid is the medium for the transmission of pressure in the hydraulic brake system of the locomotive. The main components are castor oil and alcohols. Their solubility is good, they are not easily precipitated and corroded, they come in contact with the rubber body, and the expansion rate of the rubber body is small. The engine oil does not have these excellent characteristics. If oil is used instead, it will precipitate easily, and the rubber parts of the brake system will swell, which will easily cause brake failure. Compared with gear oils, oils have low viscosity and weak compressive and wear resistance and load resistance. If oil is used instead of gear oil, the transmission gear is not easy to hang on the oil film, and the lubrication effect is deteriorated, which may cause early wear of the transmission gear, resulting in the effective performance of various components, and the degree of damage is incalculable.
3, the replacement of oil does not clean the oil road Many agricultural operators lack maintenance knowledge or laziness, do not clean the oil in the replacement of oil, their own security risks buried. It should be noted that after the lubricating oil is used, there are many residual mechanical impurities in the oil. Even if the lubricating oil is drained off, impurities still remain in the oil pan and the oil passage. In particular, new or overhauled locomotives have more impurities after commissioning. If they are not clean, they are eager to put them into use. It is very easy to cause accidents such as burning tiles and holding shafts.
4, install the piston with an open flame heating the various parts of the piston thickness uneven, thermal expansion and contraction are different, easily lead to deformation. If the piston is heated to a certain high temperature with an open flame, the metal structure will be damaged and the wear resistance will be reduced after the natural cooling, and its service life will be greatly shortened.
5, butter when installing the cylinder mat Many agricultural hands are used to apply butter when installing the cylinder mat, think that this can increase the airtightness of the cylinder, familiar with this practice is just the opposite. Because of the loss of butter after high temperatures, gaps between cylinder pads, cylinder heads and the plane of the body, high-temperature and high-pressure gas can easily be impacted from here, destroying cylinder mats and causing air leakage. In addition, the butter will produce carbon deposits at high temperatures for a long time, resulting in premature aging of the cylinder mats.
6. Avoid placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position. When some agricultural operators start the locomotive, they are accustomed to placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position. This results in too much fuel being injected into the cylinder and the mixture is too concentrated and difficult to start. The scientific positioning of the throttle is: When the temperature is above 15°C, it is slightly higher than the idle speed. When the temperature is below 15°C, the crankshaft should be idle for a few revolutions. When you feel relaxed, start with a small throttle.
7, should avoid the tank "open pan" sudden cold water Most farmer knows that the engine overload operation, water tank, poor heat will make the tank "open pot", if you add cold water, due to excessive temperature, will lead The cylinder head and cylinder "split". Therefore, once the farmer finds that the tank “opens the pot,†emergency measures should be taken to ensure that the engine cooling water cools itself.
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