Maize has always been the main crop variety in China's crop industry, with a wide range of planting, large planting area and a large number of people planting. The following small series will talk to you about corn planting techniques and pest control.
The current corn planting range has shown a gradual expansion trend. While promoting its planting level and improving the quality of the fruit, it has also increased the infection and spread of pests and diseases, and the related pest control work has never been effective. progress. Therefore, in the process of updating the traditional technology related to corn planting and exploring new technologies, not only should the technical effectiveness be ensured, but also the corn yield and quality should be improved, and the corresponding corn plants should be ensured to have a healthy and good growth process. .
1 Corn planting technology
1.1 Prepare for work
In addition to the related pests and diseases that can affect the development process, quality and efficiency of corn plants, the effects of human factors should not be ignored. Therefore, relevant planters should pay attention to the implementation of specific corn planting preparations, and strive to do not miss an important link, so as to improve the basic guarantee for high-efficiency corn planting. First of all, according to the basic situation of the planting area, full consideration should be given to various factors to select fine corn seeds. Secondly, the soil should be disinfected in all directions before the specific planting to completely eliminate soil bacteria and eggs.
1.2 Strictly control field management
The specific field management measures are as follows: Firstly, weeds should be removed during the growth process of corn plants by absorbing their nutrients and growing around the plants, so as to prevent the growth of corn due to insufficient nutrition. Incomplete development, in which specific weed removal processes can be carried out through rational application of chemical and physical means, in short, herbicides can be used or the corresponding soil can be ploughed to achieve effective removal. The purpose of weeds; Secondly, during the growth and development of corn, the demand for nutrients is large, especially when it is in seedlings and fruit ripening, the demand for nutrients is the strongest. Therefore, the relevant corn growers need to conduct in-depth research on the growth process and characteristics of corn, and based on this, develop a detailed fertilization water supply plan, avoiding the corn planting efficiency caused by various human factors as much as possible. The quality of the fruit is reduced; finally, the water supply to the various stages of corn growth needs to be strictly controlled. In accordance with the local soil conditions and the climatic environment, it is necessary to ensure that the supply of water is sufficient, and that the corn is not able to develop well or even fall due to excessive water.
2 Corn pest control
2.1 Corn smut
The main cause of such diseases is due to the disease of individual parts of the corn, which gradually inflicts damage on the whole plant and threatens the whole process of corn growth and development. The main manifestations of the disease are: the formation of pathogens on the surface of individual parts of the plant in the early stage of the disease, and then the volume gradually increases, and becomes a diseased tumor. The tumor is often accompanied by the color, and the color gradually changes from light red to gray. It turns to a brown film, and after a while, it gradually cracks and spills a black powder. Among them, the growth of the tumor on the leaves of corn plants is generally small, and it is not easy to produce black powder; however, the volume of the disease formed on the ear and stem is relatively large, and it is easy to generate black powder, which may cause the whole plant. Infringement [2].
Such diseases prefer to overwinter in the remaining leaves of the diseased plants and in the corresponding soils. When the spring temperature increases and is relatively stable, the production of bacterial spores begins, and can be spread through the air, causing corn plants of different growth stages. Infringement. The optimal temperature for the survival of black powder spores is between 26 and 30 degrees Celsius. In addition, if the corn plants in the corresponding areas are densely planted, the bacterial pathogens are more residual, and the air environment is damp, they are highly susceptible to such diseases.
Control measures: First, planting corn plant varieties with high disease resistance should be adopted. At the same time, excellent disease-resistant hybrid maize plants can be selected according to the specific regional conditions and related factors of the specific corn planting; After the end of the annual autumn harvest, avoid stacking the remaining residues of corn as much as possible. If you want to use it as compost, you should also decompose it in advance. At the same time, reasonable ploughing and thorough disinfection should be carried out on the corresponding land, so as to effectively reduce the residual residue of the bacteria. Third, according to the basic conditions of the plant and the growth situation, scientifically improve the planting methods; respond to the soil to implement a reasonable rotation of the plant; increase the control intensity of the corn field; control the corn pests, and take reasonable measures to enhance the disease resistance of the corn . In addition, corn plants should be carefully observed, diseased plants should be found in time, and their diseased cells should be removed before they are produced to avoid widespread spread.
2.2 Corn worm disease
The main symptoms: the root system of the diseased plants develops slowly, and the rooting amount is significantly reduced, which causes the whole plant corn to develop incompletely, tends to be short and yellow, and has a very serious effect on corn yield. Corn worms usually overwinter in the soil and manure in the corn growing areas after the autumn harvest, and begin to grow and develop after the warming of the early spring.
Control measures: First, the residual branches and leaves of the plants are uniformly incinerated, and the corresponding soils are thoroughly plowed. Secondly, it is planned to carry out rational rotation with some aquatic vegetables in the corn planting soil; finally, if the plants are seriously infected It should be applied scientifically to the 3 metre Leer granules for the purpose of effective prevention and control of related pests.
3 Conclusion
In summary, with the various practical operations and technical explorations carried out by relevant staff and technicians on corn plants, the relevant corn planting efficiency and corresponding fruit quality in China have been improved, and a variety of new types have been mastered. Technology has achieved considerable results. At the same time, it is also necessary to carry out continuous exploration on effective corn planting and good pest control techniques to provide guarantee for the sustainable development of China's agriculture.
The above is the corn planting technology and pest control that Hui Nong.com has compiled for you. Have you learned it? If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
With the development of the extraction and separation of the active ingredients of medicinal plants, the determination of their composition and structure, and the study of their pharmacological effects, some isolated and purified plant extracts have begun to receive attention. Some companies that produce plant extracts are actively researching and developing such new products, and some larger cosmetic companies have also carried out a lot of research work to separate and prepare pure extracts and apply them to various products. These plant extracts have high active ingredients, do not contain or less contain other irrelevant substances, contain one or several relatively pure components, the content and structure of the components are accurate, and there are clear quality standards and inspections. Methods, products have undergone pharmacological tests, clinical trials and activity tests. The use of such plant extracts is more effective and practical, and it is convenient for product preservation and quality control, but the cost is higher than that of general extracts. The following discusses some of the isolated and purified plant extracts that are used in cosmetics and whose components and structures are well understood.
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