First, dense planting, dwarf plastic surgery
The golden pear's tree posture is open, it is easy to form flowers, and it has strong early-maturity and is suitable for dense planting and cultivation. The garden can be built in a wide-line and dense planting manner, with a spacing of 1 meter 3 meters, 222 planted per acre, and north-south direction. In order to occupy the effective space as soon as possible and reach the goal of early fruit and high yield, Y-shaped dwarf shaping should be adopted. The specific practice of plastic surgery: Set a height of about 50 cm, and choose to leave two main branches, and pull them to the sides perpendicular to the row and extend to both sides. In the main branch lateral buds, the buds were spurred and the medium and short branches were cultivated, the middle branches were cultured into the middle and short branches, and the short branches were cultivated into the small branch groups. Each main branch had 12-14 medium and middle branchlets, and the middle and small branches were staggered. The first and second short branches were put back and retracted. The upright branches on the two main branches are removed in summer and early vegetables.
Second, choose strong seedlings, high standards to build the park
About 100 centimeters high, 10 centimeters above the interface, rough 1-1.2 centimeters, there are 8 or more full buds in the plastic belt, roots are complete, there are 3 or more lateral roots, no one year strong seedlings with root rot. Before planting, excavate the soil in the former garden, dig and dig 100 cm in depth, and separate the topsoil and the soil and soil. Fill the bottom of the tank with 20 cm thick straw, and then use 1,000 kg of decomposed livestock manure per acre to mix with the soil. Filled into the tank, the topsoil was filled into the lower part of the tank, the soil and soil were filled in the upper part of the tank, and the ridge was ridge-like, and then the pear seedlings were planted.
Third, the use of pollination varieties, using artificial pollination
The pollination varieties of the Golden Pear include new heights, love, and large fruit crystals. Y-shaped plastic has no center stem, and a vertical pile head can be reserved at the center position. In the spring of the second year of construction, a perennial pollinated branch with flower buds and a length of about 15 cm is grafted at the base of the pile head. For the appropriate size of the branch, the flower will be taken off during the flowering period for artificial pollination, not to pollinate the results of the varieties, so that the golden pear can achieve high-yield, stable production management model.
Fourth, timely bagging, quantitative fruit retention
Within 30 days after the pears had passed the physiological fruit drop, the fruit should be thinned once, and the leaves should be left undisturbed, and the pests, small fruits, and deformed fruit should be eliminated. Spray before bagging. After the results of the second year of planting gold pear, the yield of 60 kg per mu in the third year will reach 1200 in the fourth year, and the output in the fifth year will reach more than 2500 kg in the full fruit period. About 3,000 kilograms.
V. Integrated control of pests and diseases
1. Appropriate fertilization and enhancement of tree resistance After entering the fruiting period, the fruit trees are subjected to the principle of fertilizing the “pound and crushed fruit†fertilization. Each year, the deep-fertilized farmyard manure is applied. After flowering, predominantly available nitrogen fertilizer is applied. 1-0.3 kg (depending on the age of the tree); in the middle and mid-June, strong fruit fertilizer, mainly potassium fertilizer, together with nitrogen, phosphorus and cake fertilizer, potassium sulfate 0.5-1 kg, urea 0.1 - 0.3 kg, 0.5-1 kg of cake fertilizer; 0.5 to 1 kg of compound fertilizer applied after fruit collection, promoting tree vigor and flower bud differentiation.
2, the drug prevention and treatment of early spring buds before spraying 5 degrees of lime sulfur; fruit before spraying in the fruit growth period, should choose high efficiency and low toxicity and low residual pesticides, such as biological pesticides such as insecticide acaricide; After the spraying, prevention of pests and diseases.
3. After clearing the leaves in winter, clear the branches and branches of insects and stems, and dry and dry branches. Keep them away from the orchard for burning or deep burial. Spray 3 degrees lime sulfur in time to eliminate the adults and bacteria that will be lurking.
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