In recent years, with the promotion of off-season tomato cultivation, especially the promotion of high-altitude tomato, the cultivation area of ​​hard-fruit tomato has increased year by year. However, the hard-fruit tomato is tall and grows vigorously. If the plant is not adjusted properly, it is easy to appear in the field, and the contradiction between the foliage and the fruit competing for nutrients is prominent, which ultimately leads to a reduction in production. Therefore, adjustment of hard fruit tomato plants is particularly important.
First, pruning at the right time. Generally, a single-rod pruning is used, and only one trunk is left for each plant, and all the side branches are successively removed (snoring). The leaves on the upper side branches can be photosynthesized to produce nutrients for transport to the roots. Shortly after colonization, the top of the base of the tomato can be removed by 8-10 cm. However, the side branches cannot grow too large, so as to avoid the waste of nutrients and pruning to cause large wounds. Plants with weak growth should be beaten at night, and they can be snored after flowering; if they grow too much, they can fight early to suppress growth. Snoring is best done on a sunny morning to help the wound heal soon. If you snoring on a rainy day or when there is dew, it is easy to cause the bacteria to invade and the wound is perishable. The removed leaves should be deeply buried or burned to prevent the spread of germs. However, in the hot summer, it is necessary to leave as many side branches as possible to grow the side branches to 10-15 cm. Because of the leaves on the side branches, transpiration can be performed to reduce the body temperature of the plants.
Second, topping the leaves. After the main branch leaves 6-7 spikes, go to the top of the heart. When the fruit of the first ear is like the size of an egg, 1-2 leaves may be left under the first ear, and the remaining leaves may be removed. After more than 60 days, the leaves of tomato usually lose their photosynthetic function, no longer produce nutrients, and consume nutrients, so they must constantly remove old leaves and old leaves with a life span of more than 60 days. After the number of ears is reached, 2-3 leaves are topped in the upper part of the last spike. These 2-3 leaves are the functional leaves of the lower ear, which make nutrients for the lower ear and promote the fruit to expand. If the top of the last ear is directly topped, leaving no leaves, the last ear will mature in advance, but the weight will be very light.
Third, thinning flowers and fruit. If there are more flowers and more fruits, the fruit is small and the quality is not high. In particular, the standard for exporting tomatoes is that the single fruit is important to reach 180-200 grams. If there are too many fruits left, then each fruit will grow little and it will be cheaper to sell domestically. The flowering and thinning of the fruit first removes the deformed flower and the deformed fruit, and then removes the inflorescence, the late-developed flower, the small fruit and the stiff fruit, so that the nutrient is concentrated to supply the normal fruit at the base of the ear. Hard fruit-type tomatoes generally leave 3-4 fruits in the first ear, leaving less than 1-2 fruits, which is beneficial to the transfer of some nutrients to the roots, laying a good foundation for high yield. Starting from the second ear, 4-5 fruits per ear are left.
Fourth, the anti-ears are pressed. 4-5 fruits per tomato, about 200 grams per tomato, and about 800-1000 grams per ear. Because the fruit is heavy, it is easy to fold the fruit, preventing the conduction of nutrients, which will have a serious impact on the yield. In order to prevent the ear from being crushed, we can bind the ear to the stalk with a plastic rope at the beginning of the tomato fruit setting to prevent the ear from being bent.
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