First, the density is not reasonable
The yield of dwarf apple trees is increased by the group effect, and within the unit area, it is necessary to ensure that there are enough plants. However, some orchard designs are relatively blind, and the rare planting method of planting trees is used to reduce the efficiency of the land. The advantages of dwarf apple trees cannot be fully utilized, and the yield and benefits are not up.
Second, set the dry low
The dwarf apple tree is characterized by a short tree body and a small area of ​​a single tree. In actual production, some growers put too much emphasis on the dwarfing effect of trees, and there is a misconception that "the shorter the tree is, the better," and it is often too low (30 to 40 cm). After the fruit is hung, the lower branches are easily grounded, causing the fruit surface to be unclean, the pollution is serious, the quality of the fruit is degraded; the ventilation and light transmission conditions are deteriorated, the fruit is not easy to be colored, the leaves are thin, the photosynthesis ability is reduced, the flower bud differentiation is poor, and the yield is low and unstable; The management work is difficult and the economic benefits are reduced.
Third, improperly trimmed
In apple dwarf cultivation, it is common to pay attention to the problem that winter shear does not pay attention to summer shear. Winter shears are often over-pruned and short-cut, resulting in excessive germination and tree-shaped disturbances in the same year, which not only affects ventilation and light transmission, but also causes reproductive growth and vegetative growth disorders, nutrient accumulation is reduced, and yield is reduced.
Fourth, the load is too heavy
In the annual growth cycle of dwarf apple trees, the new shoots tend to grow shorter and stop growing earlier. Most of the varieties generally do not grow secondary branches, and the nutrient accumulation in the trees is more, and the nutrient supply required for flower bud differentiation is sufficient. . Therefore, a large number of flower buds can be formed on each branch, and the tree fruit will be filled in the coming year. If it is not properly regulated, it will inevitably cause the tree to be overloaded and the tree to weaken.
Five, lack of fertilizer
Dwarf apple trees generally have shallow roots and strict requirements on fertilizer and water. Especially in the fruit-bearing period, a large amount of nutrients are needed. If the fertilizer is not replenished in time, it is easy to cause insufficient accumulation of nutrients in the tree, and the tree is very vulnerable. The second year tends to grow. Not prosperous, even death. There are also some orchards that fertilize a single, blindly emphasize the application of urea and other nitrogen fertilizers, resulting in excessive nitrogen fertilizer, tree greed, flower bud formation less, the annual output is not high, or some trees do not fall through the winter, due to nutrient accumulation in the tree Insufficient and frozen, or the branches are drained, which will bring many adverse effects to future production management.
6. Premature aging of trees
Dwarf apple orchards generally have a high planting density, and the lighting conditions are not as good as those of Qiaohua Garden. If various management measures are used improperly, the tree potential is easily debilitated.
Seven, the tree body is large
Due to insufficient watering before and after planting, low quality of seed preparation, poor quality of seedlings, improper preservation measures after planting, etc., the survival rate of planting is not high, and there is no reserve seedling of the same size before replanting, resulting in annual use in the following year. Miao replanting, causing fruit trees in the park often appear age, tree size varies, young and old, several trees, some trees are full of fruit, some are young trees, and some have formed "small old trees", varieties Miscellaneous, low output, which has a great impact on unit area production and economic income.
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