The farmers who planted corn constantly responded to the yellowing of the corn, the heart leaves could not be pumped out, and the heart leaves were distorted. Everyone thought that it was caused by the nicosulfuron series products. Of course, some of them were indeed nicosulfuron. The phytotoxicity, but also note that there may be a disease called "corn top rot" that is quietly attacking many areas. Let's take a look at how corn top rot occurs and how to prevent it.
First, the cause of corn top rot
Corn top rot is a general term for corn top rot disease. There are two types of Fusarium rot and bacterial top rot, which are mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum in the soil. The pathogenic bacteria overwinter in the soil, diseased bodies and contaminated seeds, and become the source of the initial inoculation of the next season of corn.
1.1 Incidence period: Corn can occur from the seedling stage to the adult stage, and the symptoms are complex and diverse. Generally, symptoms begin to appear on the 9th and 10th leaves of corn, and the most severely affected are the 11th - 13th leaves.
1.2 Incidence conditions: high temperature and high humidity in summer is an advantageous environment for the occurrence of this disease. Rainwater is good for the spread of pathogens.
1.3 The most typical parts of the victim: the top heart leaf and the leaf
1.4 Symptom Type:
1 leaf yellow and white edge type. The leaves that have been extracted from the upper part, the leaves of the newly extracted leaves are chlorotic yellow to white, and the leaves are normal, that is, the “inlaid gold edge†that farmers say is the lightest one.
2 nick type. Further development of the disease, the local leaf tissue became thinner, the film was transparent, the tip of the leaf was brown, and the edge of the leaf was brown, white, yellow, and green. The base or edge of the "four-color phase" diseased leaves also appeared "shape" nick. .
3 volumes of heart shape. The leaves of the corn that have not yet been extracted are tightly held. The upper part of the leaves is whitened like a silk or film, and the tip of the leaves is slender, rolled and brown.
4 blade crushing type. The most serious is that the newborn heart of the corn can not be pulled out and presents a long whip. Or some wraps are wrapped in other leaves and cannot be arched. Or the top blade cannot be stretched, causing the blade to tear.
5 The leaf sheath of the leaf sheath and the stem rot-type ear stalk became brown rot, and the leaf sheath and stem medulla also rotted one after another, while the inside of the leaf sheath showed rust-colored rot. If the stem was cut, it can be seen. The brown spots that appear to the stem nodes are either short strips of discoloration, and even some become hollow, making the corn easy to fold when it is windy.
6 The elbow-type ear nodes and stems were yellowed, the leaf sheath stalk tissue softened, and the top of the plant was inclined to one side.
Second, the main difference between corn top rot and post-emergence herbicides in corn fields:
1. There are no yellow spots in the middle of the top rot leaves, which mainly form yellow, white and green stripes. The post-emergence herbicides are mainly irregular spots and yellow flowers, and the severe cases are dry.
2, top rot often has pathogenic bacteria, rot often has a smell of odor, brown necrosis, mucus outflow; and post-emergence herbicide phytotoxicity generally no pathogen or odor.
3. When the new leaf is seriously damaged, it is easy to pull out the whole heart by hand. The twist of the heart of the light disease plant can not be unfolded, and the heart leaf rots from the inside to the outside; while the new herbicide is harmed by the herbicide, but it does not rot, even if the outside There is decay, but the center is normal and not easy to pull out.
4, top rot disease plants often have worm-like tunnels, and herbicides do not.
Third, prevention and treatment methods:
1. Eliminate weeds in a timely manner to provide a good environment for the growth of corn seedlings to enhance disease resistance.
2. Clearing the diseased plants in time: For the heavier diseased plants whose corn heart leaves are twisted and rotted, the leaves above the tassels can be cut with scissors to facilitate the normal earing of the tassels and to bury the cut diseased plants.
3, rational use of the agent: in the early stage of the disease using high ergonomics 0.0075% brassinolide liquid 10ml / acre + 300 grams / liter of benzene. Propiconazole ULV 15-20ml / acre of stem and leaf spray.
4, in order to spray a multi-effect, on the basis of the scheme 2 can be added 3.4% of the calcium salt emulsion 20-40ml / acre or 5% indoxacarb suspension 20-40ml / mu to control corn borer and cotton bollworm and other pests.
5 timely topdressing. The corn fertility process enters the big trumpet period, and it is necessary to quickly apply nitrogen fertilizer to the corn, especially for the heavier plots.
The above is a method for distinguishing corn top rot prevention and control methods from corn top rot and corn field post-emergence herbicides. Corn top rot will directly cause corn yield reduction, so corn growers may pay attention.
Introduction:
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Specification
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