Some fruit farmers have some wrong practices in the winter cutting of apple trees, which has left a problem for fruit tree production. The specific performance and correction methods are as follows for reference. Too many branches are too messy. Some fruit growers think that the more branches, the better. They did not control and reform the group of branches in time, and let them grow for a long time. The specific manifestations are as follows: the tree shape is messy, the primary and secondary are not distinguished, the whorled branches are severely jammed, the large branches are severely crossed, and the back is bare. The central stem is weak or severely deviated.
Correction method: re-determine the tree shape according to the planting density during winter cutting, and then determine the main branch according to the requirements of the tree shape, adjust the angle and orientation of the main branch, and then process the branches other than the main branch. Select the must-leave branches on the tree, and remove the whip branches that have few branches, few flower buds, and uniaxial extension every year. For fruiting branches that do not affect the growth of the main branch group, take corresponding measures to temporarily use them for fruiting, and then gradually remove or shrink them into branch groups in stages and batches.
The super-high and super-large tree body is specifically manifested in the fact that the medium-density orchard cannot be happy in time after using sparse layer shaping, and the canopy is out of control, super-high and super-large. After this kind of fruit tree enters the fruit-bearing period, the trees and rows are closed and the inner chamber and the lower layer rarely see light, forming the crown and the outer fruit, becoming the "empty happy tree" with "full trees but no yield".
Correction method: thin out the large branches other than 1 to 2 main branches in the new year, and remove the large branches with severe shading on the upper part. For other branch groups, do not shrink back; choose suitable parts to be happy, and pay attention to cultivate compact results Branch group; through retraction and thinning to solve the problem of illumination in the inner chamber, the resultant part is stabilized in the middle of the canopy.
The unreasonable combination of branch groups is specifically manifested as the result of uniaxial branch group formed by only continuous slow release, resulting in loose branch group, poor ability of continuous fruiting, and the tree body is easy to weaken. This will cause instability in the output of apple trees, with large fluctuations, which can be obvious from year to year.
Correction method: cultivate the fruiting branch group in a planned way. When pruning, not only depends on next year's output, but also prepares for the third and fourth year's output. This problem can also be solved by winter cutting techniques such as the renewal of the second and third branches of the secondary shoots of the fruit stand, and the change from large to small in successive fruiting branches.
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