Pollution-free tea cultivation on the environment, texture, variety, management and processing techniques are higher, and now it should be adapted to local conditions, scientific planning, meticulous arrangements, in order to show the best gains in production.
(I) Cultivation techniques
1. Garden selection: The construction of tea gardens requires the selection of mountain farms with good ecological environment, fresh air, clean water sources, unpolluted soil and no pollution sources as tea production bases. At the same time, environmental quality testing, analysis, evaluation and verification of the atmosphere, water quality, soil, etc. shall be carried out. The production area must be more than 5 kilometers away from the trunk line, factories and towns, and there must be at least 50-100 m wide isolation belts from the conventional agricultural areas. , And with mountains, rivers, lakes, natural vegetation as natural barriers, the implementation of organic agricultural production management.
2. Standardized establishment of gardens: For the new tea garden soil, the depth of soil layer shall be more than 1m, the depth of the tillage layer shall be more than 50cm, the organic matter content shall be greater than 1.5%, the PH value is between 4.5-6.5, and the hilly land or gentle hillside with slope below 25, Rationally set up roads, drainage and irrigation facilities in the tea plantation, build protective forests on the tops of tea plantations, plant trees along roads, preserve natural vegetation on the edge, leave planting trees in the gardens, plant slopes and grasses or planting green manure to increase the vegetation coverage of tea plantations and prevent soil erosion. Fully lift the mountains, deepen about 50cm deep, build concrete walls and ladders, and build contoured terraces so that parks, forests, water and roads can be coordinated and beautiful landscapes can be achieved.
3, selection of species: Dwarf Oolong tea with selection, Wuyi cinnamon, white buds Chelan, osmanthus, Yellow Rose, 105, 107 Huang Qi, Ming Division One, Chunlan, Jin Xuan, jade, purple robes, Narcissus, Fuding Dahao Tea, Jiulong Dabai Tea, Yuanxiao Tea and other clones and strong resistance varieties are appropriate. The quality of tea seedlings requires seedling height of 20cm or more and stem diameter of 2.5mm. The plants are robust and free of disease. It is strictly prohibited to use genetic engineering and radiation treatment techniques to breed tea seedlings to avoid the introduction of genetic pathogens. At the same time, reasonable matching between early, middle and late sprouting varieties can be achieved, which is conducive to production management and adjustment of the contradictions in the collection period.
4. Planting specifications: Tea gardens should be planted in single-line or double-row planting methods according to the site conditions, with row spacing of about 1.5m, plant spacing of 40-50cm, and planting of 2500-3000 per mu. Before planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. After the Mushi is harmlessly processed, 1-1.5 tons of farmyard manure or 100 kilograms of tea-specific fertilizer or 150-200 kilograms of cake fertilizer or green manure can be used as base fertilizer.
5. Scientific management: The management of tea gardens focuses on the protection of the ecological environment, the reduction of pollution sources and safe production, and the application of organic agricultural technologies to foster management. Tea Garden cultivates fertility through agronomic practices such as legume green manure, rice straw, and stocking beneficial organisms; scientific and rational spraying and fertilization to reduce pesticide and heavy metal pollution; applying agricultural, physical, and biotechnical means to implement integrated pest management to achieve quality and safety , Save money, increase efficiency, improve the environment and protect the natural enemies, and promote a healthy cycle of tea garden ecology.
6. Reasonably pruning and adopting: The tea plantation cultivates a canopy with high yield, high efficiency and mechanized tea picking through reasonable pruning and adoption. Pruning facilitates the early germination of tea trees, dense buds, and fast and long shoots, which improves picking index and yield. Adoption and adoption should vary from tree to tree. Tea gardens after the transformation of young tea plants or Taiwan vines should be mainly cultivated and supplemented by mining. Implementing “five mining and five raising†measures for top-raising, raising in the middle, raising in the ground, picking and thinning, and picking in the nourishment area to cultivate high-yield trees. The tea plantation should be mainly produced. Supplemented by farming, it is necessary to pick in batches in a timely manner and in batches, so that it can be harvested and harvested, and the net harvested, leaving as little or no mature shoots as possible to maintain the normal growth and development of tea plants.
7, processing and processing: tea plantation in the production and production, pay attention to pollution problems. The tea picker chooses unleaded gasoline when picking tea, which can prevent the emission of gas substances to contaminate the fresh leaves and affect the quality of tea hygiene; the initial production of Maocha requires plant workshops to be clean, airy, light and light, and to disable lead-containing materials. The implementation of scientific and orderly operations, the prohibition of shoddy, affecting the quality and safety of tea products; made of dry tea, timely delivery of warehouses piled up in order to maintain a clean air inside the library to prevent intrusion of odors into the pollution.
(B), the main push varieties and main push technology
1, the main push varieties: the new development of tea gardens to promote the cultivation of narcissus, dwarffoot oolong, wolfberry 1st, white buds Qilan, yellow Guanyin, yellow rose, 105,107, Jin Ye, Zilong gown, Lantern tea, blessing Dingda tea and other tea varieties
2, the main push technology: tea garden comprehensive promotion of the implementation of high-quality tea cultivation techniques, pollution-free tea cultivation techniques, GAP cultivation technology, ecological tea garden standardization construction technology, Oolong tea air conditioning and green technology and tea refining and processing intelligent color selection technology.
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