Potato scientific name Solanum tuberosm L. Alias ​​potato, potato, yam egg, Dutch potato and so on. An annual herbaceous tuber plant belonging to Solanaceae. Tubers are rich in starch, mainly for food, vegetables and feed. They are also raw materials for light industry, chemical industry and food industry. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, a Dutch company has extracted a key HSA protein from the potato, also known as human serum albumin, which can be used in patients with severe blood loss and severe burns, and can reduce the risk of transmission of AIDS due to blood transfusion. In addition, the potato is rich in potassium, which can make the blood vessels of the kidneys contract and have a diuretic effect. Therefore, potatoes have also become medicinal plants.
Symptoms The color of the leaves of the potato became light at the early stage after infection, and the top leaves were slightly recurved, and the whole plant was wilt and browned to death. Underground root disease infected from the ground to the cortical tissue of the tectonic rot, easy to peel off, local rooting of the lateral roots, must be very necrotic, easy to pull out the diseased plants. Stems were infected with many small gray spots, and there were many black granular sclerotia in the basal cavity.
Causes Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes Synonyms C. Atramentarium (Berk. et Br.) Taub. called anthrax spp. A spherical to irregular black sclerotia is formed on the host. The conidia plate is dark brown and borne on the sclerotia. The setae are dark brown and hard, and the tip is more pointed. There are 1 to 3 septa, and they are gathered in the center of the conidia plate, and the size is 42 to 1544 to 6 (μm). Conidiophores terete, sometimes slightly curved or branched, with occasional septa, colorless or light brown, size 16-273-5 (μm). The conidia are cylindrical, the cells are colorless, and the inclusions are granular, ranging in size from 7 to 223.5 to 5 (μm). The optimum temperature for growth on the medium is 25-32°C, the highest 34°C, and the lowest 6-7°C.
Transmission routes and disease conditions mainly occur through the wintering of mycelium in the seeds or in the sick, and the spores are produced in late spring and spread by rain splashes. The spores germinate and produce germ tubes that are invaded by wounds or directly. In the late growth stage, the pink viscous material on the lesion contains a large number of conidia, which are transmitted to the sweet potatoes through rain spattering and reinfested. The incidence of high temperature and high humidity is heavy.
Control methods (1) Remove the diseased body in time. (2) Avoid high temperature and humidity conditions. (3) Spraying 36% Thiophanate-methyl Suspension 500-fold or 50% Sulphur-containing Suspension 500-fold, 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 500%, 50% Carbendazim Wet powder 800 times, 80% anthraquinone omeprazole WP 800 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1000 times, control effect is better than the above alone Fungicides.
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