At present, stingray farming is extensive, and it is the main breeding species for many local fishery farmers. However, in the breeding process, many farmers are pursuing output one-sidedly, and do not know how to save feed, and continuously feed too much feed and fertilizer to the aquaculture water. This not only increases the cost of farming, but also causes the water quality to deteriorate, affecting the yellow cockroach. The growth of fish leads to low breeding efficiency. How to save feed costs in production practice?
Strict cleaning and disinfection of clear ponds Disinfecting clear ponds can not only kill the wild fish, reduce the number of competing objects, but also can kill the water body pathogenic factors and improve the water quality, so that the yellow snapper has a good feeding environment. There are many wild fish and miscellaneous shrimps in the pond. They compete with stingrays for bait. The ferocious fish may even eat stingrays and reduce feed utilization. Therefore, they should be removed.
Before the seeds are released, the old and new ponds must be cleaned and disinfected. Old ponds should be cleared of excess silt, leaving only 10 cm of sediment. Ten days to 15 days before the stocking of fish, clearing ponds were disinfected with drugs to kill pathogens and enemy pests in the aquaculture waters. Generally, two methods can be used: dry clear pond or clear pond with water. When dry clear ponds, about 75 kg of quick lime or 4 kg to 5 kg of bleaching powder can be used per acre; 150 kg of quick lime can be used per acre when a water clear pond is used. About the Quanchiposa, try to make the bottom of the pool with lime and mix well to completely kill parasites, pathogens and wild fish, etc., reduce competition for food, improve feed utilization. Pond culture stingray require deeper water, adequate water, good water quality, can discharge irrigation, so we should choose the area of ​​2 acres to 5 acres of ponds, requiring a stable and adequate non-polluting water sources, water quality must meet the aquaculture water standards. The pond is convenient for drainage and drainage, and the bottom of the pool is flat. It can ensure a water depth of 1.5 to 2 meters. Because the water depth is not enough and the light is too strong, it is not suitable for the habit of stingrays feeding under weak light. Before the fish species are stocked, the basic fertilizer should be applied. Normally, the organic manure after fermentation should be used to fertilize the water. The amount of 150 kg to 200 kg per mu should be used. After the large number of zooplankton in the pond water, the fish species will be released.
Pay attention to reasonable stocking reasonable stocking density, can improve the feed utilization; suitable mix of species, can make full use of feed, mutual benefit and symbiosis, to achieve harmony in the water, improve feed efficiency. To make the survival rate of stingray aquaculture high and the feed less wasteful, it is necessary to control the stocking density and the stocking of fish. When fingerlings are released, large-scale fingerlings of about 30 grams per tail should be selected for adult fish rearing. Fish stocks can be stocked according to pond conditions, management levels, feed supply and fish species specifications, and the stocking density should be appropriate. The utilization rate of the rarity fishing pond is not high, and the benefit is low. If the fish species is too dense, the fish growth is slow and the disease is induced. Matching and reasonable, in order to make full use of the fish pond water layer space and each other is not on the premise. In general, 30 grams per tail can be given per mus, about 1,500 of the stingrays, and about 200 tails of 50 grams of flowers can be used. The fish species to be placed should have neat specifications, bright color, smooth body surface, no disease, no injuries, no fins, and strong physique. Before entering the pool, they should be washed with 5% saline for 10 minutes. Scutellaria species are generally released at the end of April each year, and the spent white squid should be put in after half a month of entering the pool to facilitate the growth of the stingray. In addition, with the continuous growth of fish, in order to regulate the breeding density and improve the benefits, the market can be launched in batches and caught in rounds to adjust the amount of fish in the water and increase the feed return rate.
Scientific fertilization and feeding The amount of farmed inputs such as fertilizer and bait affects not only the growth of yellow catfish but also the change in water quality. In the natural waters, the stingray food is mainly shrimp, fish, fish eggs and some aquatic insects, aquatic plants, etc. Therefore artificial breeding can be carried out using live animal feed such as small fish and shrimp, livestock and poultry processing waste, etc. Can also be fed bean cakes, peanut cakes, bran and so on. Generally, self-made bait is used for domestication and feeding. The bait is made of imported fishmeal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, soybean meal, vegetable meal, dried fish and other feed additive, and the former protein content is 35% to 45%, and the crude fat content is increased. 5% ~ 8%; later can be used to replace a small portion of fish meal imported fish meal, protein content of 30%, about 6% fat. The reference formulas are: fish meal 25%, bean cake 20%, vegetable cake 30%, wheat flour 20%, corn flour 3%, minerals 2%, vitamin 0.2%. Feeds must be fresh and free from mildew and spoilage, and full-fledged formula feeds from regular manufacturers should be selected. In the feeding, attention should be paid to grasping the principles of %26#8220; domestication and feeding, early eating, and eating small meals more than %26#8221; Wild yellow sturgeon magpies feed on the night and are domesticated under artificial culture conditions for 5 days to 7 days, and can be fed on the bait station during the daytime. Two days after the seedlings were introduced into the pond, artificial feeding was used for domestication, and a fixed feeding signal was used for acclimatization to conduct fixed-point and timing feeding training. After 5 days to 7 days of patience, the acclimatization can be normal; the domesticated seed thus introduced can be normally fed on the second day of the pond, and the feeding method can be artificial and mechanical feeding. Feeding should be done as early as possible, eat small meals. The entire feeding process should be divided into three phases. The first phase of the fifth and sixth months of daily feeding 4 times, daily feeding rate of 3% to 5%; the second phase of July to September monthly feeding 3 times, feeding rate of 2% to 3%; third After the stage of October, the bait was fed twice and the bait rate was 2%. Feeding was conducted at a time when the daily dissolved oxygen was high. On this basis, the amount of bait should be adjusted according to weather and water quality. In addition, due to the large split mouth of the yellow snapper, the particle size of the diet should be increased accordingly. The particle size of 2 mm pellets can be used as an open feed and the size of the adult fish can reach 5 mm or more. The use of a hard, hard-grained diet requires that the pellets have 15 minutes of stability in the water and that the use of buoyant baits will improve feed utilization.
Regularly regulate the quality of water, raise the fish and raise the water. The quality of the water will influence the growth rate of the sturgeon and the feed coefficient. Stingray prefers fresh water quality, good water quality, rapid growth, less disease, can make full use of bait, and reduce the bait coefficient. In sturgeon adult fish farming, water quality management is the most critical and it is necessary to maintain a refreshing water environment. For water-repellent body aging, fill water every month in May and June, change into new water 30 centimeters each time, change water once every half month from June to September, change water every time by about 15 centimeters, and keep water depth at 1.2 meters to 1.5 meters Meter. Adhere to regular disinfection, from June to September, use 15ppm of lime every day to splash the whole pond in order to purify and disinfect the water and reduce the amount of organic suspended solids in the water. Five kilograms of quicklime (or 2 kilograms of bleach) was applied locally at the food farm and aerator every half month. Observe the concentration of algae and algae in the water body, adjust the water body fat according to the inorganic fertilizer (urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.) in the water color and maintain the transparency at 30 cm to 35 cm. According to the determination of dissolved oxygen and the weather and water conditions, scientific use of oxygen aerators, sunny days to adhere to the early morning and afternoon boot 1 hour, rainy, hot weather to make full use of mechanical oxygenation to supplement the body of dissolved oxygen, dissolved oxygen should be maintained at 3 mg / l the above.
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