First, choose the soil. Peanut is a kind of oil crop that is resistant to drought and thin, especially sandy loam with good permeability and large temperature difference between day and night. The land that has not been planted with peanuts or bean crops in the Shangyu area is best. It is better to use scallions such as scallions, corn hulls, and vegetable pods.
Second, choose the best species. Covering the film can increase the soil temperature, enhance the ability to maintain grasshoppers, and increase fertilizer utilization. Peanut root system developed, the absorption and utilization of nutrients is high, so the increase in peanut production is more significant. In order to increase planting efficiency, medium and large fruit type varieties with large yield potential, high yield, and strong disease resistance should be selected for plastic film mulching cultivation, such as Daihua No. 2, Daihua No. 6, Shaohua No. 4 and Luhua. 11, flower breeding 18 and other varieties.
Third, formula fertilization. Peanut is a high-yielding oil crop and has a large demand for fertilizer because it has a nitrogen fixation and the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is not very large, but the demand for phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is relatively large. In order to achieve high yields of mulch spring peanuts, it is necessary to ensure sufficient supply of nutrients and to use organic fertilizers in combination with chemical fertilizers. All organic fertilizers were used as a one-time application of base fertilizer, 5000 kg of Mushi farmyard fertilizer and 50 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. The application of calcium fertilizer can effectively prevent rotten fruit disease and "black plaster spot", Mushi 50 kg of superphosphate phosphate fertilizer. The addition of 1 kg of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer can significantly increase the rate of peanut fruit setting and increase the fullness of mango fruit.
Fourth, drug seed dressing. Peeling shells of peanut seeds prematurely can easily lead to a decline in seed quality. The seeds lose the protection of their outer shells, and they can absorb the harmful gases and harmful substances in the air. The activity is greatly reduced. Peel the seeds of peanuts 15 days before planting. It is better to store the peeled seeds in a woven bag and store in a ventilated and dry place. 3 to 5 days before planting, select peanut seeds on the ground and dry for 3 to 5 hours before and after noon in sunny weather. The tanned seeds were sorted and ranked, and diseased grains, residual grains, and germinated grains were picked out. After the selection of fungicides and other fungicides, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of stalk rot and root rot in peanuts.
Fifth, timely sowing. There are often two types of misunderstandings in production. One is early sowing, and peanut seeding is too early. Due to unstable temperatures in the early spring and even a cold spring or cold wave, it poses a great threat to the early sowing of peanuts. At the very least, the lack of seedlings and ridges are severe, resulting in severe deterrence. The other is delayed sowing. Delayed sowing time, the role of plastic film coverage can not be fully realized, the corresponding delay in the listing period will affect the income of growers. Tests have shown that the sowing date of mulching spring peanuts is generally about 10 days earlier than spring sowing in open field, and is generally suitable for April 15 to 20 in the central and southern parts of Fujian, and delayed one week in eastern Yunnan.
Six, suitable density. The density of cultivating spring peanuts should not be too small or too large, too small will affect the yield, the result rate of excessively large single plants will decline, the seeds will be wasted, and the yield will be reduced. Starting from the first, the base is 85-90 cm wide, 50-55 cm wide at the top and 10-12 cm high. In production, a double-line cultivation mode is generally used. The row spacing is controlled at 30 cm, the spacing between plants is 15 to 18 cm, and the mu density is about 10,000 holes. Each hole has two grains and the amount of mu is about 17 kg.
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