The period from green to jointing stage and back to the jointing stage is the peak period of infection and infection of root diseases such as full-bleeding, sheath blight, and root rot, and virus diseases such as Dwarfism and Yellow Dwarf. This period is the period when wheat spiders, underground pests and weeds are in danger. It is a critical period for the comprehensive prevention and control of wheat diseases and insect pests.
1. Strengthen fitness cultivation to prevent pests and weeds. It is necessary to organically combine cultivation measures with control of pests and diseases, vigorously implement high-yield fitness cultivation techniques such as proper paddling, top dressing and watering, and increase the ability of wheat to resist various diseases. In due course, weeds can be removed.
2. Vigorously promote chemical weeding. For the autumn we cannot carry out chemical weeding, we must seize the spring and early March and mid-when wheat turns green after the appropriate period of prevention and control, timely carry out chemical weeding. For wheat fields dominated by dicotyledonous weeds, 5.8% Maixi EC may be used to make 10ml or 20% of it per mu, and 50 to 60ml per mu; for monocotyledonous weeds, 3% may be used. 25 to 30 ml, stem and leaf spray control; dicotyledonous weeds and monocotyledonous weeds can be mixed and used in combination. In recent years, accidents caused by chemical weeding have caused repeated crop injury. The long-lived herbicides chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron are liable to produce phytotoxicity to crops such as cotton, peanuts and corn after use in wheat fields and should be prohibited from use. The 2,4-D butyric acid herbicide is extremely sensitive to dicotyledonous crops and is prone to injury. Therefore, it should be avoided in peanut and other crop planting areas.
3. Do a good job of pest control. In recent years, wheat root disease mainly caused by sheath blight has been seriously affected, which has a greater impact on the yield of wheat, especially on high-yield land. The key technologies for the prevention and control of wheat sharp eyespot are seed dressing and spraying. It is the main reason for the poor control efficacy of wheat sheath blight. Therefore, we must pay attention to the prevention and treatment of returning to youth.
1 The major pest control indicators of wheat turning green to jointing stage were: Sheath blight was 15% to 20% of the diseased plant rate, soil pests were 3% of wheat seedlings, and wheat spiders were 600 per meter. 2 on the road of the pharmacy, dosage and medication methods are: the prevention of sheath blight can be used 5% Jinggangmycin 150-200 ml per mu water 75 to 100 kg of wheat straw stem base control, interval 10 to 15 days and then spray once; 40% methyl isofluosal or 50% phoxim can be used to control underground pests. The base of the stem is sprayed with 40-50 ml per mu; control of wheat spiders can be controlled with 73% Kete EC 1500-2000 times spray.
The spike stage wheat ear stage is the concentrated occurrence stage and endanger period of various pests such as wheat aphid, generation aphid, midge, powdery mildew, stripe rust, leaf rust, leaf blight, head blight, and blight. These diseases and insect pests have the largest area of ​​wheat aphids and are the most serious. Wheat ear stage is the period when the wheat finally forms yield, and it is also a concentrated occurrence of multiple pests. Once the pests are harmed, it can cause irreparable damage. Therefore, wheat ear stage is the most critical period for comprehensive prevention and control of wheat diseases, weeds and weeds, and we should effectively prevent and control pests and diseases to ensure the high quality and high yield of wheat.
1. Protection and use of natural enemies to control wheat bran. The wheat field is the wintering ground and early spring breeding base for many natural enemies. Protecting the natural enemies of wheat fields is not only beneficial to the control of wheat pests, but also the main source of natural enemies of post-crop crop pests, and should be protected and utilized. 1 When the pest ratio in the field is 1:80 to 1:100 or the parasitism rate of bees is more than 30%, the natural enemies can be used to control pests; if the ratio of harm to harm is misaligned, the effects of killing natural enemies should be small. Elimination of harmful drugs to control wheat stubble. 2 Improve the degree of landscape connectivity that occurs in natural enemies, for example, sowing spring corn and interplanting peanuts in wheat fields, to provide corridors for the transfer and reproduction of natural enemies from one habitat to another habitat, especially large quantities of wheat oil The ecological benefits of planting are even more pronounced.
2. Chemical control. According to the wheat pest and disease prevention and control index, the prevention and control period should be grasped, and the use of pesticides on roads should be used for prevention and control. The application of insecticides and fungicides should be vigorously applied and scientific prevention and control should be implemented. 1 The main pest control indicators in the wheat ear stage were: 500 for wheat aphid, 25 for each generation of armyworm, 5 for each sample (101020 cm), and 10 to 25 for adults. Stripe rust was 2% to 5% of diseased leaves, leaf rust was 5% to 10% of diseased leaves, and powdery mildew was 10% of diseased leaves. The medicines, dosages and methods of treatment on the two roads are: the control of wheat bran can use 2.5% dichlorfon to kill 10 to 15 milliliters of mu per mu or 50 to spray fog WP; 8 to 10 grams of spray per mu; prevention and control of the generation of armyworm Can be used 50% phoxim EC 50 ~ 75 ml spray control; control rust, powdery mildew can be used 25% Baolitong WP 30 grams per mu or 40% Triadimefon EC 50-75 ml per acre, spray control; control Gibberella Disease, leaf blight, and blight can be controlled by spraying 50% carbendazim WP with 75-100 g per mu. 3 The mixed application technology should be scientifically applied according to the control object and prevention index. When a single species of insects is heavy and other occurrences are light, single pesticide control should be performed to avoid waste and pesticide pollution. (4) Prevention of wheat head blight and esculent blight should be based on prevention. In the event of a continuous rainy season, the wheat should be sprayed after the flowering of the wheat in the panicle stage. Although the wheat midge insects are the pests infested by the panicle stage, the control period is appropriate during the flood season in mid-late April. Use 40% methylisosalt-phosphate EC 150 to 200 ml to spread sand and sand 30 to 40 kilograms on the ground and rake. The control effect after the application of watering is better; if it fails to prevent and control, adult insect pest control When 70% of wheat in the field is heading, spraying with 50% phoxim EC 50 to 75 ml prevents and controls.
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