The white peony is the whitefly of the umbrella family [angelica dahurica(fisch.)benth.ethook. Dry roots, also known as fragrant white lotus root. It has the function of dispelling dampness, swelling, discharging pus, and relieving pain. It is mainly produced in Hebei, Henan, Anhui, and Zhejiang provinces and is cultivated in most parts of the country. (-) Morphological characteristics perennial herb, plant height 1-2.5 meters. Thick roots, long cones, and aroma. Stems thick, cylindrical, hollow, often with purple, with vertical grooves. The lower part of the stem is pinnately divided, and the lower part of the stem alternates into a sac-like inflated membranous sheath. Inflorescence complex, usually 18-40-70, sepals 5-10 or more; flowers small, no caries, petals 5, black, apex concave. Double-suspended fruit flat, broadly elliptic, yellow-brown, sometimes purplish, glabrous; fruit with 5-sided, lateral ribs broadly winged. Flowering from June to July, fruiting from July to September. (B) Growth habits White hibiscus prefers a warm and humid climate, which is more hardy and sunny. Autumn sowing is the seedling stage and the second year is the vegetative stage. However, due to seeds, fertilizer, and other reasons, there are also a small number of plants that bloom, causing the roots to become empty and rot and lose medicinal value. The seed germination rate is relatively low, and the optimum germination temperature is 10-25°C. The light has the effect of promoting seed germination. Seed life is 1 year. (III) Cultivation Techniques 1. Since the land is selected as a deep-rooted plant, white earthworms should be selected for their deep soil, medium fertility, well-drained sandy loam, 2000-3000 kilograms of fertilizer per acre, and 50 kg of superphosphate, deep-cast 30 cm.耙 整 整 整 整 整 整 整 整 整 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦. 2. Breeding methods use seeds to reproduce, and more use of live broadcast. Autumn sowing, generally in September-October sowing, drilling sowing by row spacing 35 cm shallow sowing; hole sowing by hole 15-20 cm 30 cm open hole planting, sowing cover thin soil, compaction, broadcast 15-20 days Can be seedlings, seed use per acre: about 1.5 kilograms of seeders; hole sowing about 1 kilogram. If sowed before spraying with 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the seed, stirring, boring about 8 hours, then sowing, can be earlier emergence and greatly increase the rate of emergence. 3. Field Management (1) Saplings, Dingmiao spring seedlings about 5 cm high, the beginning of seedlings, generally 2 times, 15 cm when the south high Dingmiao seedlings by the spacing of 12-15 cm Dingmiao seedlings; hole seeding by leaving each seedling strong seedlings L-3 strain. At the same time remove the giant seedlings to prevent early bolting. (2) The tillage and weeding should be combined with cultivating and weeding at the time of seedling thinning. The first time, only the topsoil is loosened, and then gradually deepened. After the plants have been sealed, cultivators are stopped. (3) Top dressing 3-4 times. It is often done after the seedlings, after the seedlings, and before the closure. Fertilizer is mainly composed of human fecal urine, cake fat, etc., first light and thick, and after the last time the fertilizer is applied before the closure of the line, soil should be cultivated in time to prevent lodging. (4) If the soil is dry after draining and sowing, it should be watered 1 times. Afterwards, it is often necessary to keep the surface moist before the seedlings emerge, in order to facilitate emergence. After the seedlings are planted, they should be poured with less cultivator to promote the growth of their roots. Pay attention to drainage after the rain. 4. Pest control (l) Blight mainly damages the leaves. Control methods: remove diseased tissue and concentrate burning; use 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or polymycin 100-200 international unit spray at the early stage of disease. (2) Yellow Swallowfly damages the leaves with larvae. See Ming Codonopsis. In addition, locusts, spider mites, and root-knot nematode diseases are also harmful to the aerial parts and roots. (4) Harvesting and processing White buckwheat can be excavated when the stems and leaves are yellow in the second eight months after sowing. When harvesting, roots are removed to remove soil, and lateral roots and residual petioles are cut off. Exposure 1 to 2 days, and then dry separately according to size. (five) Seed-holding techniques include in situ conservation and seedling conservation. 1. In-situ seed retention method, that is, at the time of harvest, leaves some plants not to dig, and in the following May-June, convulsions, flowers, seeds and seeds are harvested. The seeds obtained by this method are of poor quality. 2. When the seedlings were left in the digging method, the roots of the main and medium-sized disease-free pests were selected as seedlings, and planting and transplanting were carried out according to the spacing of 40 cm and 80 cm, and one root per root was planted. 5 cm, after the emergence of September, strengthen field management such as weeding, fertilizing, and cultivating soil. In the second year in May, the earth should be soiled in time to prevent lodging. After the seeds matured in July, they were collected in batches in stages. The harvesting method is to select the seeds on the side branches when the seeds turn yellow-green, cut the ears in batches, hang the ventilated place and dry them, gently pry the seeds, remove them and store them in a ventilated and dry place. The seeds on the top of the main stem are easily twitched, so they should not be harvested or destroyed during flowering. China Agricultural Network Editor