Apple tree pruning in summer has an obvious effect on accelerating the cultivation of fruiting branches, especially on slow flower promotion and fruit setting.
Time: The effect of summer pruning is affected by the pruning period. Missing the appropriate pruning time may sometimes have an adverse effect. For example, when twisting the tip, you must control the time when the base of the new tip is half-lignified, otherwise the new tip will break. . For another example, in order to improve the fruit setting rate, ring stripping should be carried out at the flowering period or before flowering. Missing this period has no obvious effect and causes falling flowers and fruits.
Target: Generally, it is only suitable for young trees, prosperous trees, dense branches, prosperous branches or more vigorously grown varieties. For example, ring stripping is only suitable for supplementary branches, temporary branches or biennial branches of prosperous trees, or It should be used on the big tree to promote the differentiation of flower buds and lay the foundation for the next year's results.
Pulling branches: Pulling branches are usually carried out before the differentiation of flower buds, that is, in the middle and late June. The time is suitable for noon, because the branches at noon are soft, tough, and not easy to break. Pulling branches generally open branches with an angle of less than 60 degrees to 80-90 degrees.
Twisting: The object of twisting is the thickness of the base of the strong branch on the backbone branch is 2-5 cm. When twisting, rotate about 180 degrees. After twisting, it is easy to pull out new erect branches at the base.
Ring peeling: The method of ring peeling is to peel off the bark at the base of the strong branches. The width is determined according to the growth of the tree and the thickness of the branches. The principle is to heal one month after peeling. In general, the depth is appropriate to reach the xylem. If the ring is cut twice, the interval is 5-10 cm.
Topping: The implementation of topping or continuous topping techniques on the branches of apple trees that year is an important technical link in the growth of fruit trees.
â‘ Topping time: It is suitable in mid-May, mid-July and mid-September.
â‘¡Topping objects: the branches that were born on the back, back and back of the mother branch that year, and the branches that will not stop long during the physiological stop period.
â‘¢Topping method: first pinch off the young top, then remove the top 3-5 young leaves, and keep the petiole.
â‘£ Topping effect: After topping and removing leaves, the top will not re-grow. The first and second leaves left after removing the leaves, due to increased nutrient accumulation, can make most of the leaf buds form high-quality flower buds.
Thinning: Thinning is the removal of long branches, competing branches, erect branches, and densely packed branches growing on the tree in August and September to save nutrients, improve light, and promote the growth of the remaining branches and buds as early as possible. result.
Short-cut: The short-cut time is generally appropriate in mid-July. The short-cut object is mainly to cut the new shoots on the side branches and the new shoots on the back near the top of the annual branch. New shoots drawn from the back of the branch, and the second shoot germinated after the short cut is vigorous, should be removed from the base.
Skin scraping: It is generally used for young arbor trees. It is usually carried out once a year. The time is preferably from early July to early August. The method is as follows: cut a circle on the smooth part of the trunk with a bud joint knife, and cut the cortex to reach the xylem. Then divide the ring tangent line into a 2-3 cm wide line segment, and then use a knife to cut the incision about 5 cm long down to the xylem, and then peel off each cortex separately and then return to the original position Finally, use plastic film to protect the scraper ring.
Avoid: Draining dense branches or ring stripping during pruning will result in the formation of wounds. If the wound is slow to heal, it is easy to cause apple rot and other diseases. Therefore, when sparsely branching, it is necessary to prevent excessive removal at one time and cause a large number of wounds, and be careful not to leave short piles. A large number of long branches are caused by latent buds, the wounds should be coated with protective agent, and the wounds with ring peeling should be wrapped around the film.
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