The orchard now needs to be watered, set up, and watered? Wait a series of questions. Today, for everyone to analyze, in the end do not need to water.
When the fruit tree enters the stage of flower bud differentiation, the temperature is higher, and the water evaporation of the tree body and soil is larger. In this period, if the amount of watering is too large, it will stimulate the growth of vegetative growth. The middle and short branches that have been capped are prone to germination of the top buds and the autumn shoots are very unfavorable for the formation of flower buds.
Therefore, experts suggested that water control should be properly carried out. How to control? To what extent? These problems have stumped many farmers.
Water control is correct
Professor Wei Qinping, an expert at the Beijing Institute of Forestry Science, has done a test on the relationship between watering and shoot growth. He divided the roots of each fruit tree into four parts, which allowed them to grow in four containers.
When watering, some only pour one container, some only pour two containers, some pour three containers, and some four are fully watered. In the case that the growth environment and other management measures are the same, the proportion of the long and medium short branches of the fruit trees which are only poured into two containers is appropriate, and the flower buds are formed well. The fruit trees with four containers are fully watered, the branches grow vigorously, the strips are many, the short branches are few, and the flower buds are basically not formed.
This experiment shows that the more watering the branches, the more difficult it is to form flower buds. Only proper water control is beneficial to flower bud differentiation.
Not watering is wrong
It is wrong to think that water control is not watering.
In the summer, the leaf area reaches the maximum in the whole year. In this period, the natural temperature is higher and the transpirational pull of the blade is also maximized. The transpiration causes a large amount of water absorbed by the roots to evaporate through the leaves. During the evaporation of water, the temperature of the tree is also adjusted to prevent the tree from being damaged by high temperatures.
It can be seen that transpiration is a natural physiological phenomenon of trees and a necessary measure for tree protection. There is not enough water in the soil for the tree to complete the transpiration process, which is harmful and unprofitable.
Water must be watered in the event of severe soil drought. What is the severe drought? Orchard lyrics have no strict indicators, and conventionally, it is judged by the soil water content of the root distribution layer. The soil below the surface of ten centimeters can be hand-kneaded into a group, and the landing is not scattered, indicating that the sensation is moderate. If you can't pinch a ball, you should consider properly watering the orchard.
How to control water?
How to control water in the case of contradiction between water supply and fruit tree growth demand? It is correct to resolutely put an end to the flooding of large waters and to adopt watering or watering only.
Where the ridge is between the rows of fruit trees, it is recommended to use the method of interlacing. In this way, half of the roots of the fruit trees are supplied with water, which is equivalent to the fact that Professor Wei Qinping only watered two containers, which not only satisfied the water demand of the tree transpiration, but also controlled the watering amount.
If the ridge is on the row of fruit trees, the rows should be arranged into a trough with two sides high in the middle. When watering, only shallow pouring between the rows should be carried out. The main part of the fruit trees should not be poured, so that the purpose of water control can also be achieved.
Orchard grass is the easiest way to control water. The water poured into the orchard is only a small part of the physiological construction of the fruit tree. Most of it is not evaporated by the leaves or evaporated by the surface. It is waste to evaporate from the surface. Therefore, reducing the surface evaporation and improving the soil water storage capacity can achieve a balanced supply of water. In the same drought, the water content of the concentrated distribution layer of the roots of the grassland is much higher than that of the clearing garden. The facts show that grass-making orchards can reduce the number of waterings per year.
Watering at the right time is hard to do
It is difficult to make timely and proper watering in management. This is related to water conservancy conditions.
In the Yellow River irrigation area, there is time in the water station. Many orchards obviously do not need watering, but they are afraid to miss the opportunity and have to pour. Use the Yellow River to pour fruit trees, generally with a large amount of water, and the largest flooding.
In the well irrigation area, there are few wells, and the watering needs to be lined up, so it is difficult to discharge, but the fruit trees do not need water. When it is time to water, it is not possible to use the well. The contradiction between water supply and water demand for fruit trees is very difficult to reconcile.
Watering must be fat
Most mineral nutrients need to be dissolved in water to be absorbed by fruit trees. Under the action of transpiration, the water is transported by nutrients from the roots to various parts of the tree, the water evaporates, and the nutrients remain in the leaves for photosynthesis to produce organic nutrients.
Pouring empty water can only satisfy the tree's demand for water and cannot meet the nutrient requirements of the tree. Therefore, whenever water is to be poured, it must be combined with fertilization.
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