Other names Biotoxin rodenticide, botulinum toxin type C, Clostridium botulinum toxin
(A) the nature and role of C-type botulinum toxins rodenticides, original toxins and liquids were brownish-yellow transparent liquid; lyophilized powder for the gray block or powdered solids. The C-type botulinum toxin is produced by the saprophytic anaerobic bacteria, and the bacteria autolysis and release toxins. The filtered filtrate is a non-bacterial botulinum toxin, which is a kind of macromolecule protein. Dissolved in water, no odor, toxin A, B, C, D, E, F, G7 types, animal botulism are basically C and D type, such as the use of C for poison killer, then call C Clostridium botulinum toxin. The active ingredient of the original drug is 2 million - 5 million MLD/ml white mouse intravenously; the preparation liquid is 1 million MLD/ml white mouse intravenously; the lyophilized agent is 2 million - 3 million MLD/ml white mouse intravenously. After ingested by the intestines, poisoned animals act on the joints of the cranial and peripheral nerves and muscles and autonomic nerve endings, impede the release of acetylcholine, cause muscle paralysis, and cause motor nerve ending paralysis. It is a highly toxic neurotropic paralysis toxin. . After the poison bait prepared from rat carnivorous toxin, if the dose is large, the symptoms usually appear within 3-6 hours, the appetite is no longer required, the mouth and nose are dripping fluid, the walking is swaying, then the limbs are paralyzed, the body is paralyzed, and finally died of respiratory paralysis. Organs have different degrees of hemorrhage; light poisoning symptoms after 24-48. The incubation period of rodent poisoning is generally 12-48 hours, and the death time is 2-4 days, between the acute and chronic chemical rodenticides. Clostridium botulinum toxin type C is a broad-spectrum rodenticide and has a lethal dose (LD50) of 1.71 ml/kg body weight (oral) for pikas. It is highly virulent, has good palatability, and has a short lived bait in natural conditions. Under the automatic decomposition, no residue, no secondary poisoning, failure at room temperature, good safety, almost no pollution to the ecological environment, such as eating toxins can be used C-type botulinum antiserum treatment, for people and livestock safer. No carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic. The acute percutaneous LD50 test in rats does not produce acute toxicity through skin permeation.
C. botulinum toxin type C is relatively stable in the nature, the virulence of toxins can be maintained for several years under low-temperature drying conditions, after continuous research and improvement, C botulinum toxin agent (1 million MLI mouse intravenously / ml) products There was no significant change at -5°C for 5 years at low temperature, but there was no significant change at 2-8°C for 1 year, 6 months at 15°C, 4 months at 25°C, 2 months at 37°C, and lyophilization (2 million— 3 million MLD mice intravenously / ml) products are stored at 2-8 °C for 3 years, 5-18 °C for 18 months, 25 °C for 6 months, 30 °C for 5 months, and 37 °C for 4 months. Toxin destroyed at 100°C for 2 minutes. The heat resistance of lyophilizers is significantly higher than that of water agents. The resistance to acid is stronger and the alkali is weaker. Toxins are stable at pH 3.5-6.8, but are more rapidly attenuated at pH 10-11, and are protected from alkali and heat during use.
(B) Preparation of finished products Clostridium botulinum type C toxin has 1 million MLD / ml liquid agent and 1 million - 2 million MLD / ml freeze-dried bacteria two dosage forms.
1. Aqueous Toxin The poison bait is a sterilized, wet toxin produced in a closed, non-circulating dialysis incubator with a virulence of 1 million MLD mice/ml (intravenously). First, pour appropriate amount of clean water into the mixed bait container. Generally, river water and tap water can be used, but alkaline water should not be used, and slightly acidic. The water temperature is preferably between 0°C and 10°C. The amount of water depends on the amount of bait to be mixed. For example, if 50 kg of oat poison toxin baits are prepared, 10 kg of water (liter) of water can be put into the bottle. Pour the toxin from the toxin bottle and shake it to make it fully dissolved. According to the 0.1% of the formulated feed, if 50 kg of oat bait is to be prepared, add 1 ml of MLD Mice/ml of intravenous toxin to 50 ml). The bait is then poured into the toxin dilution and stirred thoroughly so that each bait has toxins. It is best to prepare the bait in place now.
2. Lyophilized toxin baits are filtered, sterilized and lyophilized Clostridium botulinum toxins produced by the conventional method. The virulence is 100,000 MLD mouse/ml (intravenous injection). When preparing the poison bait, the lyophilized C-type botulinum toxin is first dissolved with a proportioned amount of cold water, and then the method of preparation is the same as that of the water-toxic toxin bait.
(3) Method of use Clostridium botulinum type C toxins have been used in the prevention and treatment of plateau pika, plateau zokor, brucella vole, brown vole and several house mice in various places in recent years.
1. Prevention of plateau zokor In the spring of April-May, the daily average surface temperature is below 4°C, and the temperature in the plateau mole hole is around 0°C. At this time, the type of C. botulinum toxin bait is used, and the temperature inside the mole hole Lower, longer toxin toxicity retention period, can receive better control effect. The prevention and control indicators generally need to be controlled when the density of plateau zokor reaches 4.18/ha, with 0.1% toxin barley bait, and an average of 70 toxic toxin baits per hole, with an efficacy of up to 90%. Feeding method is the same as bromadiolone in preventing plateau zokor.
2. Prevention and control of plateau pika In winter or spring in December or April and April, when the plateau pika density reaches 30/ha or 150 effective holes/ha, control is performed at the time. Use 0.1% type C Clostridium botulinum toxins oats or barley baits. In general, four grain oats baits contain the virulence of a plateau pika MLD, and the rodents eat more than four bait at one time, and feed them by the hole with 0.5-1 g per hole (approximately 15 grains). Its efficacy can reach more than 90%.
3. Prevention and control of brown voles before the peak of breeding in March-April in spring, toss C. botulinum toxin wheat (oat, corn meal) bait, 100 holes per hole, each containing 1500 mu of poisonous unit (equivalent to 6 MLD). About 15 to 16 hours after the injection of poison bait, in the death hole of the mouse, immediately close the hole of the bait at the end of the poison bait, so as to avoid the bait under the soil when the vole is pushing the hole.
4. Prevention and control of Brandt's voles generally in the spring, the rats through the winter cold, a large number of deaths, the following year spring from April to May in the back to green between the use of baits to eliminate rodents cost is low, the effect is good. Use Clostridium botulinum toxin liquid preparation to prepare 1 million units of botulinum bait for each gram of botulinum bait, each hole cast 1 gram, voted in the effective hole 10-20 centimeters.
5. Prevention and control of domestic rat have a good effect on Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus and Mus musculus. In the area where the Rattus norvegicus is predominant, such as the density of up to 2% of the rodents in the early rice field, the density of the rodents in the late rice field reaches 3%, and the time when the density of the rodent in the rice field at the booting stage and during the milk ripening period reaches 5%. To prevent and control. Use 0.1%-0.2% C-type Clostridium botulinum toxin bait, bait used to eat like brown mouse dough flour dough bait; small house mouse like to eat corn quail, so as to prepare bait better, use rice production The bait can also be. Generally less than 15 °C use efficiency up to about 85%.
Indoor control of domestic rats, in the northern countryside in autumn and winter for the best time to eradicate the rat, the bait directly into the indoor floor, wall, corner and other mouse activities, each heap 5-10 grams, generally 15 square meters Cast two heaps, one feeding, the average household voted about 100 grams, according to the mouse situation, a lot of rats voted, the rats cast less.
(4) Precautions
1. The produced toxin liquid product is generally stored in the refrigerator below -15°C, and the toxin is frozen into ice. When using it, the toxin bottle must first be placed in ice water at 0°C until it slowly dissolves, and hot water cannot be used. Heat and dissolve to prevent its toxicity from decreasing.
2. When mixing baits, do not stir it under high temperature and sunlight, and do not use alkaline water to prevent the reduction of virulence. Due to the good palatability of toxin baits on mice, attractants are generally not included.
3. Toxin bait feeding methods and chemical drugs bait is basically the same, the amount of bait to poison to kill the plateau pika as an example, 4 grain oat baits on a plateau pika mouse MLD virulence, while the mouse pups bait all at once More than 4 capsules. According to different rodents, try different feeding amounts.
4. Clostridium botulinum toxin type C is relatively complete for humans and animals. In the event of extensive rodent control, in case of inadvertent consumption of toxins, Clostridium botulinum type C antiserum can be used for treatment.
5. General packaging, transportation, preparation of baits, the use of poison baits, and the preservation of remaining baits are all in accordance with the requirements for the safe operation of highly toxic chemical pesticides.
(A) the nature and role of C-type botulinum toxins rodenticides, original toxins and liquids were brownish-yellow transparent liquid; lyophilized powder for the gray block or powdered solids. The C-type botulinum toxin is produced by the saprophytic anaerobic bacteria, and the bacteria autolysis and release toxins. The filtered filtrate is a non-bacterial botulinum toxin, which is a kind of macromolecule protein. Dissolved in water, no odor, toxin A, B, C, D, E, F, G7 types, animal botulism are basically C and D type, such as the use of C for poison killer, then call C Clostridium botulinum toxin. The active ingredient of the original drug is 2 million - 5 million MLD/ml white mouse intravenously; the preparation liquid is 1 million MLD/ml white mouse intravenously; the lyophilized agent is 2 million - 3 million MLD/ml white mouse intravenously. After ingested by the intestines, poisoned animals act on the joints of the cranial and peripheral nerves and muscles and autonomic nerve endings, impede the release of acetylcholine, cause muscle paralysis, and cause motor nerve ending paralysis. It is a highly toxic neurotropic paralysis toxin. . After the poison bait prepared from rat carnivorous toxin, if the dose is large, the symptoms usually appear within 3-6 hours, the appetite is no longer required, the mouth and nose are dripping fluid, the walking is swaying, then the limbs are paralyzed, the body is paralyzed, and finally died of respiratory paralysis. Organs have different degrees of hemorrhage; light poisoning symptoms after 24-48. The incubation period of rodent poisoning is generally 12-48 hours, and the death time is 2-4 days, between the acute and chronic chemical rodenticides. Clostridium botulinum toxin type C is a broad-spectrum rodenticide and has a lethal dose (LD50) of 1.71 ml/kg body weight (oral) for pikas. It is highly virulent, has good palatability, and has a short lived bait in natural conditions. Under the automatic decomposition, no residue, no secondary poisoning, failure at room temperature, good safety, almost no pollution to the ecological environment, such as eating toxins can be used C-type botulinum antiserum treatment, for people and livestock safer. No carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic. The acute percutaneous LD50 test in rats does not produce acute toxicity through skin permeation.
C. botulinum toxin type C is relatively stable in the nature, the virulence of toxins can be maintained for several years under low-temperature drying conditions, after continuous research and improvement, C botulinum toxin agent (1 million MLI mouse intravenously / ml) products There was no significant change at -5°C for 5 years at low temperature, but there was no significant change at 2-8°C for 1 year, 6 months at 15°C, 4 months at 25°C, 2 months at 37°C, and lyophilization (2 million— 3 million MLD mice intravenously / ml) products are stored at 2-8 °C for 3 years, 5-18 °C for 18 months, 25 °C for 6 months, 30 °C for 5 months, and 37 °C for 4 months. Toxin destroyed at 100°C for 2 minutes. The heat resistance of lyophilizers is significantly higher than that of water agents. The resistance to acid is stronger and the alkali is weaker. Toxins are stable at pH 3.5-6.8, but are more rapidly attenuated at pH 10-11, and are protected from alkali and heat during use.
(B) Preparation of finished products Clostridium botulinum type C toxin has 1 million MLD / ml liquid agent and 1 million - 2 million MLD / ml freeze-dried bacteria two dosage forms.
1. Aqueous Toxin The poison bait is a sterilized, wet toxin produced in a closed, non-circulating dialysis incubator with a virulence of 1 million MLD mice/ml (intravenously). First, pour appropriate amount of clean water into the mixed bait container. Generally, river water and tap water can be used, but alkaline water should not be used, and slightly acidic. The water temperature is preferably between 0°C and 10°C. The amount of water depends on the amount of bait to be mixed. For example, if 50 kg of oat poison toxin baits are prepared, 10 kg of water (liter) of water can be put into the bottle. Pour the toxin from the toxin bottle and shake it to make it fully dissolved. According to the 0.1% of the formulated feed, if 50 kg of oat bait is to be prepared, add 1 ml of MLD Mice/ml of intravenous toxin to 50 ml). The bait is then poured into the toxin dilution and stirred thoroughly so that each bait has toxins. It is best to prepare the bait in place now.
2. Lyophilized toxin baits are filtered, sterilized and lyophilized Clostridium botulinum toxins produced by the conventional method. The virulence is 100,000 MLD mouse/ml (intravenous injection). When preparing the poison bait, the lyophilized C-type botulinum toxin is first dissolved with a proportioned amount of cold water, and then the method of preparation is the same as that of the water-toxic toxin bait.
(3) Method of use Clostridium botulinum type C toxins have been used in the prevention and treatment of plateau pika, plateau zokor, brucella vole, brown vole and several house mice in various places in recent years.
1. Prevention of plateau zokor In the spring of April-May, the daily average surface temperature is below 4°C, and the temperature in the plateau mole hole is around 0°C. At this time, the type of C. botulinum toxin bait is used, and the temperature inside the mole hole Lower, longer toxin toxicity retention period, can receive better control effect. The prevention and control indicators generally need to be controlled when the density of plateau zokor reaches 4.18/ha, with 0.1% toxin barley bait, and an average of 70 toxic toxin baits per hole, with an efficacy of up to 90%. Feeding method is the same as bromadiolone in preventing plateau zokor.
2. Prevention and control of plateau pika In winter or spring in December or April and April, when the plateau pika density reaches 30/ha or 150 effective holes/ha, control is performed at the time. Use 0.1% type C Clostridium botulinum toxins oats or barley baits. In general, four grain oats baits contain the virulence of a plateau pika MLD, and the rodents eat more than four bait at one time, and feed them by the hole with 0.5-1 g per hole (approximately 15 grains). Its efficacy can reach more than 90%.
3. Prevention and control of brown voles before the peak of breeding in March-April in spring, toss C. botulinum toxin wheat (oat, corn meal) bait, 100 holes per hole, each containing 1500 mu of poisonous unit (equivalent to 6 MLD). About 15 to 16 hours after the injection of poison bait, in the death hole of the mouse, immediately close the hole of the bait at the end of the poison bait, so as to avoid the bait under the soil when the vole is pushing the hole.
4. Prevention and control of Brandt's voles generally in the spring, the rats through the winter cold, a large number of deaths, the following year spring from April to May in the back to green between the use of baits to eliminate rodents cost is low, the effect is good. Use Clostridium botulinum toxin liquid preparation to prepare 1 million units of botulinum bait for each gram of botulinum bait, each hole cast 1 gram, voted in the effective hole 10-20 centimeters.
5. Prevention and control of domestic rat have a good effect on Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus and Mus musculus. In the area where the Rattus norvegicus is predominant, such as the density of up to 2% of the rodents in the early rice field, the density of the rodents in the late rice field reaches 3%, and the time when the density of the rodent in the rice field at the booting stage and during the milk ripening period reaches 5%. To prevent and control. Use 0.1%-0.2% C-type Clostridium botulinum toxin bait, bait used to eat like brown mouse dough flour dough bait; small house mouse like to eat corn quail, so as to prepare bait better, use rice production The bait can also be. Generally less than 15 °C use efficiency up to about 85%.
Indoor control of domestic rats, in the northern countryside in autumn and winter for the best time to eradicate the rat, the bait directly into the indoor floor, wall, corner and other mouse activities, each heap 5-10 grams, generally 15 square meters Cast two heaps, one feeding, the average household voted about 100 grams, according to the mouse situation, a lot of rats voted, the rats cast less.
(4) Precautions
1. The produced toxin liquid product is generally stored in the refrigerator below -15°C, and the toxin is frozen into ice. When using it, the toxin bottle must first be placed in ice water at 0°C until it slowly dissolves, and hot water cannot be used. Heat and dissolve to prevent its toxicity from decreasing.
2. When mixing baits, do not stir it under high temperature and sunlight, and do not use alkaline water to prevent the reduction of virulence. Due to the good palatability of toxin baits on mice, attractants are generally not included.
3. Toxin bait feeding methods and chemical drugs bait is basically the same, the amount of bait to poison to kill the plateau pika as an example, 4 grain oat baits on a plateau pika mouse MLD virulence, while the mouse pups bait all at once More than 4 capsules. According to different rodents, try different feeding amounts.
4. Clostridium botulinum toxin type C is relatively complete for humans and animals. In the event of extensive rodent control, in case of inadvertent consumption of toxins, Clostridium botulinum type C antiserum can be used for treatment.
5. General packaging, transportation, preparation of baits, the use of poison baits, and the preservation of remaining baits are all in accordance with the requirements for the safe operation of highly toxic chemical pesticides.
our Beet Root Juice Powder is choosing from the beet root base, with high qulaity solution, used in healthy foods.
Beet Root Juice Powder
Beet Root Juice Powder, Beet Root Juice Powder Extract, High quality Beet root juice powder
NANJING ZELANG MEDICAL TECHONOLOGY CO., LTD , https://www.hawfitness.com