1. Mushroom flies, also known as fungus maggots, mainly eat fruit bodies to cause tunnels and affect the quality, and the wounds are also easily infected by bacteria and rot. Different methods should be used to control mushroom flies in different periods. There are a lot of maggots before the mushroom emerges. Dichlorvos can be used for fumigation at 0.9 kg/100 square meters. At the same time, another 0.15 kg of 1% potassium chloride or sodium chloride solution (5% salt can be used) is sprayed on each culture block. Water instead); after the mushroom emerges, the maggots are harmed, and low-toxic pesticides such as roten extract, pyrethroid, and nicotine can be sprayed. In addition, the ventilation should be strengthened to adjust the temperature and humidity in the shed to achieve the purpose of prevention.
2. Mushroom mosquitoes are the most harmful to the larval stage. In addition to eating on the surface of the culture material, some of them also form nets to cover the mushroom buds, so that the mushroom body cannot grow normally. Prevention and control method: spray 500-800 times of trichlorfon after harvesting, and at the same time, add nylon yarn to the mushroom shed door and window to prevent adult insects from flying into spawning and breeding damage.
3. Bacterial lice are a type of mite that mainly feed on fruiting bodies and hyphae to cause harm. In the prevention and control, the intrusion of the insect source into the mushroom shed should be prevented first. Because it mainly comes from various feeds in the warehouse and feed room, it should be thoroughly disinfected when using the warehouse, chicken house, etc. as a breeding room, and the wall should be painted with lime. Fumigated once with dichlorvos; during cultivation, fungus lice can be fumigated with cotton balls dipped in 50% dichlorvos fumigation or sprayed with 1% nicotine sulfate solution, and can also be sprayed with pesticides such as sulfite and other pesticides on fish bones and placed in culture In the vicinity of the block, attract the lice, then take it out and burn it.
4. The nematode is a colorless small worm. The larvae invade the mycelium and fruiting bodies. At the beginning, the cap becomes black, and afterwards the whole fruiting body becomes black and rotten and has a musty smell. Control method: When steaming the material, make the steam fully contact the culture material to kill all nematodes. After the mushrooms emerge, the culture blocks can be sprayed with 50 mg/kg of zinc sulfide for control.
5. Jumping insects are also known as soot bugs. It is often distributed on the surface of the mushroom bed or in a damp shade to bite the fruiting body. Before the mushroom emerges, it can be trapped with 1:1000 times dichlorvos and a small amount of honey, or coated with sweet potato slices with arsenious acid preparation or organic phosphorus preparation. Pesticides cannot generally be used directly after they emerge. They can be cut into pieces using fresh orange peel 0.25-0.5 kg, wrapped in gauze and squeezed to extract juice. After adding 0.5 kg of warm water, spray with a ratio of 1:20 for 2 to 3 times. Over 90%.
6. Slugs are commonly known as slugs. It is photophobic and afraid of heat. It hides under bricks and stones and in the cracks of the soil during the day, and comes out to eat after dusk. Control method: rice bran or bean cake is added with 2% calcium arsenate or aluminum arsenate to make bait bait, and it can also be sprayed on the ground with 15-20 times sodium chloride solution to drive out adult worms. Manual capture is available from 9 to 10 pm.
7. Thrips adults are black, small in size, slightly flattened, with compound eyes protruding and nymph orange-red. It mainly absorbs the juice of the bacteria, which can cause the atrophy of the bacteria in severe cases. Control method: spray with 1500~2000 times liquid spray of 40% dimethoate emulsion, or 1000~1500 times liquid spray of 90% trichlorfon, 50% malathion, and the control effect can reach 80%~90%.
8. Mole crickets have the best lure effect with poison bait. The formula is 50 grams of trichlorfon, 1,500 grams of rice bran or wheat bran, 50 grams of sugar, 250 milligrams of white vinegar, and then spread on the ground. Moles and mosquitoes die immediately after eating.
9. Other pests such as pseudo-walking insects, woodworms, four-potted potassium, etc. can be sprayed with 500-800 times liquid spray of rotenine or 1000-1500 times liquid spray of 80% dichlorvos, which can achieve better control effects. Termites are a major pest in the south, mainly for fungi such as fuling. Nest digging is an effective method to avoid or reduce termite damage. In addition, the Ailanthus twig method can be used, which is to dig a small ditch around the mushroom shed, place the fresh Ailanthus twig evenly in the ditch, and cover it with soil, which has a strong repellent effect on termites.
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