The main harm of high temperature to vegetables
The temperature of plant water loss is above 30℃. If there is no rain or little rain, the soil will be dry and the air will be dry. When the water absorbed by the vegetable roots from the soil cannot meet the demand of plant evaporation, it will cause the vegetable plant leaves to curl, Shedding, the quality deteriorates, the yield decreases, and even wither and dry.
Excessive plant growth and high temperature are prone to long seedlings, especially after the night temperature is too high, which affects the flowering and fruit setting and yield of vegetables in the later period.
Affecting flower bud differentiation and sex differentiation. High temperature and long-day sunlight increase the number of male flowers in cucumbers and the late differentiation of female flowers. When the flower buds of tomato and pepper differentiate, there are few flowers under high temperature conditions and the growth is stunted.
Loss of disease resistance When the temperature or ground temperature is higher than the normal growth temperature range of the plant, the disease resistance of certain disease-resistant varieties will be lost and become susceptible varieties, aggravating the occurrence of diseases.
Main measures to deal with high temperature heat damage
Selection of heat-resistant and disease-resistant varieties According to the local ground temperature, select vegetable varieties that are suitable for local cultivation and have strong resistance to high temperature and disease.
Intercropping with high-stalk crops makes full use of the shading effect of high-stalk crops, and does a good job of collocation between crops that prefer sun and shade. Such as interplanting eggplant and pepper, interplanting corn and pepper, interplanting ginger in the shade of mulberry, tea, orchard.
Plant leafy vegetables in the summer to cover and cool down at the right time. It can be used to build sheds, cover with sunshade nets, and protect against sun and insects. The sweet pepper in the open field can be used as a shelter, covered with a sunshade net, sun protection (virus disease), and can also be covered with a sunshade net or mud sunscreen on the protective film. A layer of wheat straw, straw, broken straw and other sundries can be spread on the ground between rows of bare crops to prevent excessive ground temperature. In order to prevent the mulch from being washed away when watering, and some soil is pressed on it; for vegetables and fruits exposed in the sun, weeds, old newspapers, etc. can be covered on them to prevent the sun from burning the fruits.
Use your own leaves for shading and sun protection during periods of high temperature, you should make full use of the stems and leaves to shade and preserve fruit. For example, when topping tomatoes, leave two layers of leaves on the top layer of fruit to protect young eggplants from light; Afterwards, pick the outer leaves and cover them on the leaf balls to protect the sun and improve the quality. Vegetables cultivated in summer are generally suitable for dense planting rather than sparse planting. They play a mutual shade and are beneficial to growth.
Reasonable watering Watering is one of the most effective measures to alleviate the hot weather. In the high temperature period, you can increase the watering frequency and the amount of water appropriately. If possible, you can use sprinkler irrigation or spray water on the leaves to prevent the leaves from dehydrating. The time should be early in the morning or evening. Do not water at noon when the temperature is high. The water should be poured thoroughly to keep the soil moist. After a hot thunderstorm, drain water in time and pour cold water to prevent damage from the hot rain.
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