Strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases in orchards with severe early leaf fall disease after autumn should pay attention to spraying before rain and intermittent sunny days. It can continuously spray 80% Dasheng M-45 wettable powder 600 to 800 times, 68.75% easy to protect 1200 times, for spots For severe leaf fall disease, spray 50% puhydantoin WP 1000 to 1500 times, 10% polyoxin WP 1000 to 1500 times, 4% Nongkang 120 liquid 600 times plus Trimex No. 2 liquid 600 ~800 times liquid. When aphids, red spiders, and leaf-eating pests are serious, add 1.8% abamectin EC 3000 times or 20% Miesali EC 2000 to 4000 times. Fruit trees with yellow leaf disease can be applied in soil (1 ~ 1.5 kg/plant) or sprayed with ferrous sulfate (0.3% ~ 0.5%) on the leaf surface to reduce the incidence and enhance photosynthesis.
Overcome the influence of bad weather and timely replenish water during dry period to keep soil moisture stable. During the rainy season, the rain collecting cellar and drainage and irrigation ditches shall be built, and the accumulated water in the orchard shall be discharged in time on cloudy and rainy days, or directly discharged into the rain collecting cell to prepare for drought. After the flood, the fruit garden should be drained and dredged in time. Spray 300 times of 27% high-fat film before heavy rain to prevent clogging of leaf stomata.
Strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water and vigorously implement the farming system of inter-row grass + tree cover. Fertilization after autumn should be formulated fertilization based on soil analysis and leaf nutrient diagnosis, with organic fertilizer as the mainstay, control the application of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and appropriately carry out extra-root topdressing. Soil management should control water supply and maintain moderate drought to prevent prosperous autumn shoots. For the trees that have already bloomed, deep turn can be combined with fertilization, and some small roots can be cut off appropriately to weaken the upper part of the ground, inhibit the growth of autumn shoots, and slow down the germination of flower buds.
Reasonable pruning and autumn shears should strictly control the amount of pruning, appropriately thin out long branches, upright shading branches, diseased and weak branches, and minimize short cuts, especially avoid heavy short cuts, so as not to stimulate the germination of a large number of tender autumn shoots or cause flowering; pick leaves during the coloring period The amount should be strictly controlled, and it is advisable not to exceed 30% of the total leaf volume of the whole tree; use PBO technology instead of girdling, especially to prevent trunk girdling, and timely bridging, skin grafting and other remedies for wounds that have been girdled and poorly healed Measures.
Staged harvesting Staged harvesting can overcome the secondary flowering of apples and ensure the output of the following year. In production, it is generally appropriate to pick three or four times.
Remedy measures When there are signs or signs of autumn flowering, take measures in advance, spray PBO200 times or paclobutrazol 300 times solution to inhibit the germination of flower buds and promote their continued differentiation. During the production, the autumn blooming must be removed in time to avoid the subsequent loss of more nutrients in the tree. In addition, in the year when autumn blooms occur, light pruning is the main method for winter pruning, leaving as many flower buds as possible, properly thinning out upright branches and elongated branches, and retracting the hanging branches to prepare for the next year of flowering and fruiting.
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