The common seedling infestation diseases are damping-off disease, blight, anthrax, and leaf spot. This type of disease occurs quickly and can infect each other, often resulting in lack of seedlings and ridges. We must pay attention to prevention and control. The cultivation and disease prevention adhere to the rotation system, and do not continuously cultivate the same kind of seedlings in the same nursery, and do not choose the plots with low topography and easy accumulation of water as nurseries, and the nursery places must have corresponding irrigation and drainage facilities. Fine soil preparation, timely sowing, pay attention to the depth of sowing, cover soil is not too thick, so that the seed can quickly sprout seedlings, can enhance the resistance of seedlings. Increase the maturity of organic fertilizers to meet the requirements of seedlings for various nutrient elements, so that seedlings grow robustly. Seeds were sown before sowing and selected seeds were eliminated. Weak seed was eliminated due to the low germination rate of weak seeds, and it was often the initial source of the disease. Spray the seeds with 0.5% formalin, mix and cover for 2 hours, spread out, spread out until the formalin gas runs clean, then sow or soak seeds in cold water 4-6 Hours, then soak in warm water of 49-50°C for 10 minutes, remove and air dry. Soil treatment The soil is loosened 2-3 weeks before sowing. Formalin is used in 40 ml of water to 1-3 kg per square meter (the amount of water added depends on the soil moisture). After being wetted, the film is covered for 4-5 days. About 2 weeks after the film is removed, the drug is volatilized and re-seeded, or 50% carbendazim WP or 10% thiophanate-methyl or 50% thiram or 70% z-chloronitrobenzene bactericide is used. Medication 8-10 grams, add 10-15 kilograms of dry fine soil, mix into the soil, before the sowing, one-third of the drug soil is evenly spread as a bedding, after sowing will be the remaining two-thirds Medicinal soil as cover soil and keep the soil moist. Pharmaceutical treatment For root diseases, if a few strains are found in the nursery, they can be sprayed with a copper ammonia compound after sterilization. The formula is: 2 parts of copper sulfate, 11 parts of ammonium carbonate or 2 parts of copper sulfate, 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 4 parts of slaked lime, fully mixed and sealed for 24 hours. When used, take 1 part of the drug plus 400 parts of water spray, spray again after 7-10 days. When the humidity on the soil surface is too high after spraying, the wood ash can be used to reduce the humidity. In the case of leaf spot disease and other above-ground diseases, bactericides such as 1% Bordeaux mixture, 50% dexamethasone, and dexamethasone may be sprayed and sprayed once every 7-10 days until the disease is controlled.
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