Reserve roughage feed beef cattle into the winter, farming methods should be gradually transferred from grazing to housing, this time the need for roughage reserves, can use pasture, corn, straw straw and silage, yellow storage, micro-storage and ammoniation and other technologies combined production of roughage.
At present, corn silage whole plant not only less nutrient loss (usually does not exceed 15%), long storage time, and can maintain the juicy nature of the feed, after lactic acid bacteria fermentation, palatability improved, is a good green roughage for fattening beef cattle. Only silage corn stover is called yellow storage.
Micro-storage refers to the addition of high-efficiency active starter to anaerobic fermentation during the silage process. Currently, the most widely used is cellulose-decomposing bacteria. Micro-storage can make silage better, but this technology is not yet fully mature.
Ammoniadization is mainly aimed at rice straw, wheat straw and other crop stalks with low water content and relatively high lignin content. Alkalinization is performed by spraying a certain amount of ammonia. The ammoniated straw is yellow-brown, shiny, with a scent, soft texture, and increased palatability. However, ammoniated feeds must be treated with ammonia, otherwise they could easily cause ammonia poisoning in beef cattle. These treatment technologies increase the feed intake of beef by straw and also increase the supplementation of non-protein nitrogen sources for roughage.
Prepare the concentrate feed While storing the roughage, we must also reserve the concentrate feed, including energy feed and protein feed. The energy feed is mainly based on corn, and the protein feed can use rapeseed cake and cottonseed meal with relatively lower price to replace soybean meal. In addition, some feed additives, such as tantalum bricks, should be stocked to supplement the lack of nutrients in the feed, improve feed palatability and feed utilization, enhance beef disease resistance, and promote normal development and accelerated growth.
Control of feed acidity The pH after silage, yellow turf and other fermented feeds are usually around 5.0, and acetic acid and lactic acid are produced during the fermentation process, which will make the silage acidity too high. Silage with too high acidity not only reduces palatability, but also has negative effects on the teeth and gastrointestinal tract of livestock. Adding a proper amount of urea can solve the problem of high silage acidity and increase protein content.
Distillers grains, pomace fermentation products and other acidity are also large, if you use these feeds long-term fattening beef cattle, will have an impact on the body of cattle. The cow will only have bad symptoms such as hair coke and tight skin, and the fattening effect is not satisfactory. At the same time, it has a great influence on the quality of beef. In this case, a certain amount of baking soda can be added to the concentrate.
Timely restocking into the winter, limited by forage feed, calves born in the year need to be dealt with. At this point, both in terms of price and quality, it is more appropriate for the breeding farms to purchase calves.
In addition, for a fattening farm that purchases beef cattle from a distance, it is also necessary to pay attention to the transportation stress syndrome of cattle, that is, “Corrosive Lung Diseaseâ€. The following measures need to be taken: Select a person with rich experience to choose cattle, do not rush to load the car, observe conditioning For several days, avoid double-decked, unprotected vehicles; consider cattle’s drinking, feeding, sedation, strengthening (such as Kodzhuang), avoiding lying down, replenishing salt, preventing cold, cooling, gradually changing materials, and strengthening nutrition. Disinfection and isolation, and selection of drugs, a reasonable formula, timely and adequate control of diseased cattle, early elimination of heavy cows.
Cowsheds pay attention to ventilated beef cattle during the fattening process. Beef cattle in the 0 °C -4 °C does not affect the growth rate, but many cattle farms now pay too much attention to the insulation of the barn, making the barn high humidity, when the humidity exceeds 70%, the growth rate of cattle will decline, so in Ventilation facilities need to be taken into account when building cowsheds.
Also make sure the cow has sufficient light. Lighting can be achieved through the construction of cowsheds, and the cows can be pulled out of the barn for natural lighting in fine weather. In addition, the winter cattle into the whole feeding, the cattle breeding density increased, the increased risk of disease transmission, ventilation can reduce the incidence of cattle to a certain extent, the odds.
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