First, use good varieties
The selection of suitable peanut varieties is the key to obtaining high yield and high efficiency. Varieties should be selected and approved for promotion, suitable growth period, compact plant type, concentrated seedlings, drought resistance, strong stain resistance, more resistant varieties. Such as Yuanza 9102, Yuanza 9307, Yuhua 22, Yuhua 23, Stationery 2 and other varieties.
Second, the election and fertilization
1. Soil selection. The suitable soil conditions for peanuts are loam or sandy loam where the cultivation layer is loose, the living soil is deep, neutral acidity, drainage and fertility are good. Because peanuts have strong adaptability, tolerance to fertilizers, drought, and drought, they can also be planted on flood lands, hilly hills, and open land.
2, a reasonable fertilization, fertility and fertility. Although peanuts have a nitrogen-fixing effect, it is still necessary to apply a certain amount of nitrogen fertilizer and appropriate amounts of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, calcium fertilizer and necessary trace elements in the production process. Practice has proved that the appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer increased phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and calcium fertilizer peanut field, can increase production by 20% -30%. High-yield peanut field should be enough base fertilizer, peanut base fertilizer should be farm-based fertilizer, with the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and calcium fertilizer, generally require 3-5 m/mu soil fertilizer, pure N3.5-4.5 kg, P2O53-4.5 Kg, K2O4-5.5 kg, lime 25-30 kg, 400 g of granular boron fertilizer. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied to 40% of the non-chlorinated compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 20-30 kg.
Third, soil preparation and sowing
1, fine soil preparation. Because peanut seeds are large and have high fat content, germination and emergence require more moisture and oxygen. At the same time, peanuts are also crops that bloom on the ground and produce fruit under needles. Therefore, the quality of farming is required to be high. The general requirements for soil preparation prior to planting are soil looseness, fine crushing, lack of consolidation, moderate water content, and four-channel support, so that the growth and development of peanuts has always been in a suitable soil environment. The depth of cultivation is required to be about 30 centimeters to ensure that the result layer of about 10 centimeters is loose and has good permeability.
2, sowing
(1) Seed preparation. Choose a full double prunus fruit as a seed, and soak fruit before harvesting. Shelling should be used artificial shelling, should not use mechanical shelling, to avoid seed mechanical damage. When husked, the seeds were sorted by size, and pods, molds, molds, wounds, and aged seeds were eliminated. Peeling should not be too early. The time for shelling is as close to sowing as possible.
The use of seed dressing before sowing can effectively prevent various pests in the ground pests and germination and emergence, increase the resistance to pests and diseases of peanuts, and ensure that all seedlings are broadcast. The method is as follows: 18% fluorotoxin (coating agent) seeds per acre are used to treat microcapsules suspension 250 ml plus 40% rust-inulin fume double suspension 40 ml seed dressing, 50% carbendazim wettable powder can also be used. Or 40% Zeolin WP can be 0.3%-0.5% of the seed weight, or 0.2% of the seed amount with 50% phoxim emulsion or 0.1%-0.3% of the seed amount with 50% chlordane emulsion Species.
(2) timely sowing. Peanuts are warm-stem crops and require higher temperatures from seed germination to pod maturity. Therefore, the seeding period of peanuts must be determined according to the growth period of peanuts, the required accumulated temperature, and the temperature range required for reproductive growth. During the effective growth period of peanuts, the appropriate timing of sowing is determined. First, it is beneficial to sowing all seedlings and strong seedlings; the second is to help regulate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of peanuts. The appropriate sowing date for spring peanuts in my county is April 5th. The peanuts covered by mulching can be 8-10 days ahead of time. The sowing of wheat pods and peanuts should be sowed before June 10, the sooner the better.
(3) Depth of sowing. The average sowing depth of peanuts is 5 cm. In accordance with the principles of soil viscidity, the principle of deep sowing of land or large sandy plots must not be more than 7 centimeters for open cultivation and 3 centimeters for shallowest.
(4) Proper close planting. Scientifically arranging row spacing is a prerequisite for guaranteeing high yields of peanuts. At present, high-yield peanuts are cultivated in a medium-twisted, equal-spaced, narrow-strained, single-grained way: 2 meters wide, 25 cm spacing, 10-12 centimeters apart, 22,000 seeds per mu, and 1.8-2 million seedlings harvested. . The production practice has proved that under the same number of plants, the single-planted plant increased by 8.2% compared with the double planting plant.
(5) Repression after sowing. Especially for Shatuwan, repression can not only reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, but also can make the seeds and the soil in close contact, prevent the seeds from drying out, and facilitate seed germination.
(6) After the broadcast, a good four ditch. My county is in the flood season at the turn of summer and autumn. Get good trenches, gutters, side ditch, and drains to eliminate storm flooding and prevent waterlogging.
Fourth, field management
1, closed before weeding weeds. Within 3 days after sowing, 50% of acetochlor EC 100-140 ml was used for pre-emergence weed control. The specific application amount should be flexibly controlled according to the soil texture and lyrics.
2, check seedlings fill seedlings. After the emergence of peanuts, seedlings must be checked in time. In areas where there are serious shortages of seedlings, prompt replantation with warm water is required to make the number of seedlings per unit area reach the planned requirements. This operation is generally conducted within 3-5 days after emergence.
3, Qingzhang strong seedlings. For the management of high-yield peanut fields, we must first grasp the seedlings of Qingke. After 10-12 days after sowing, when most of the seedlings have 2 true leaves spread out, the 2 pieces of large cotyledon buried in the soil are promptly cleared out to promote One or two pairs of collaterals have early onset and fast hair, achieving the purpose of multiple flowers, multiple needles, and multiple fruits.
4, irrigation and drainage. Although peanuts are relatively drought-tolerant crops, they should be treated with water to relieve drought when the dry weather is severe. When flooding, attention should be paid to two points: First, do not flood the water, place the water in the drainage ditch, wait until the surface is wet. The back row is drained of excess water; the second is to grasp the timing of irrigation and should ensure that there is no large rainfall within 10 days after irrigation.
The peanuts have poor resistance to waterlogging, too much water in the field, and lack of air in the soil, resulting in poor root development, low root nodule, weak nitrogen fixation, short yellow plants, increased flowering nodes, difficulty in cutting needles, reduced seed setting rate, and full fruit rate. If it increases, it will seriously affect the output and quality of peanuts. After the rainfall, we must pay attention to drainage and prevent disasters.
5, in addition to post-emergence. For the field where the herbicidal effect is not good, the field is divided at the seedling stage. For the field where the weeds are dominant, we can use 15 ml of quizalazine 20 ml stem and leaf spray for weeding.
6, scientific control and top dressing. The first is to prevent plant growth. For fields where plant growth is too prosperous and the field is prematurely sealed, the leaves are sprayed with paclobutrazol, dildoinosine or chlormequat for chemical control to control peanut growth; the second is for growth. Robust peanut field plots are sprayed with 1% urea, peanut pellets, chubby piers, and Kangpei No. 2 foliar fertilizers during the initial and full flowering period of peanuts, which can effectively supplement the nutrients necessary for peanuts and ensure the health of peanuts. Growth; the third is for the growth potential difference, lack of fertilizer field block, can be appropriate amount of topdressing urea and Kangpei No. 2 foliar compound fertilizer, correction and prevention of peanuts caused by lack of comprehensive physiological diseases and poor growth and development, ensure peanut health Growth and yield increase; Fourth, for heavy plots, spray “Love Root†to prevent rotten roots and blight. General requirements for spraying 1-2 times, interval 10 days or so.
7, comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases. In the middle and late stages of peanut growth, it is most likely to infect leaf spot disease and flower rust disease, causing yellowish leaves and falling leaves, affecting the maturity of pods and causing more pods. Mu can be used 50% carbendazim 800-1000 times liquid 70-80 kg plus 20% triadimefon EC 30-40 ml water spray 40 kg, also available 20% tebuconazole 40 g spray.
Fifth, change the rotation. Peanut cultivars can cause nutrient deficiency in peanuts, cause accumulation of rhizosphere secretions, cause peanut root poisoning, and exacerbate the damage to peanut pests and diseases. There are not many soils suitable for planting peanuts in our county, and the phenomenon of heavy cropping in production is common, which has a great impact on peanut production. According to the survey, peanut weight reduction by 10% a year, heavy cropping 15-20% reduction in production for two years, heavy cropping three-year reduction of 25-30%, so pay attention to the rational rotation of peanuts is another important measure to ensure peanut production.
Six, timely harvest. Usually harvested within one week before the maturity period, even after harvesting, ripening after stalling, picking fruit in time to avoid late infection of Aspergillus flavus.
Organic green tea extract powder is extracted from green tea. We only select the best organic tea as raw materials in extraction. Its origin and health have been strictly confirmed. Green tea is different from black tea and oolong tea because it is not fermented. Even if all three types of tea come from the same plant, their different preparation methods will affect the nutritional content of each tea. Because it is not fermented, green tea still retains its polyphenols, natural antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body from free radical compounds that damage healthy cells.
Green Tea Extract,Organic Green Tea Extract Powder,Green Tea,Organic Green Tea Extract
Organicway (xi'an) Food Ingredients Inc. , https://www.organic-powders.com