Livestock infectious diseases, especially when infected by pathogens, can be treated mostly with penicillin. Penicillin has a good effect on respiratory infections caused by most gram-positive bacteria, erysipelas, anthrax and sepsis, and has a strong antibacterial effect on various spirochetes and actinomycetes; oxacillin and dichlorine
Penicillin, benzathine penicillin, and o-chloropenicillin, etc., have reliable effects on respiratory tract infections caused by penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, mastitis, wound infection, and sepsis. Therefore, in the prevention and treatment of veterinary diseases, penicillin is a widely used commonly used antibiotics, but must pay attention to the following issues when using it:
Choose the appropriate route of administration
Most penicillin veterinary drugs are unstable to acid, and internal absorption is easily destroyed by gastric acid and digestive enzymes. The effect is poor or ineffective. When penicillin is used for livestock and poultry, feeds that are acidic or alkaline (such as vinasse, silage, etc.), feed additives (such as choline, vitamin B1, etc.), and drugs (such as tetracycline, sulfa drugs) should be avoided. , adrenal drugs and barbiturates, etc.) The appropriate route of administration for the use of penicillins is intramuscular injection. Absorption is fast and complete after intramuscular injection, and the efficacy is fast and accurate.
Pay attention to allergic reactions when using
Penicillin veterinary drugs generally have no adverse effects on the animal's body. Occasionally, however, an allergic reaction may occur to individual livestock. In severe cases, it may even cause anaphylactic shock. For allergic animals such as horses, badgers, dogs, and pigs, sweating, excitement, muscle tremors, rapid heartbeat, unstable standing, difficulty breathing, convulsions and other allergic symptoms may occur shortly after injection. Therefore, if the above reaction occurs, it should be immediately discontinued and rescued with dexamethasone or epinephrine. When penicillin potassium salt is used, attention should also be paid to the blood potassium response of livestock and poultry. Generally, it is forbidden to use it in large quantities, especially for patients with hyperkalemia, and penicillin potassium salt should not be injected intravenously, and intramuscular injection should be performed.
Avoid using once
Penicillin is an antibacterial drug. The disease it treats is endangered by pathogenic microorganisms (pathogens). Penicillin cannot be used once to wipe out all pathogenic microorganisms. If you do not repeat the use of drugs, those who have escaped the net and newly propagated pathogenic microorganisms have experienced The role of drugs often produces drug resistance, and the body that harms livestock is more intense. Therefore, the use of penicillin to the treatment of mammals hanged once, and should be repeated every 8-12 hours to increase the efficacy. At the same time also avoid using a small dose, an appropriate increase in the dose can prolong the action time of penicillin, so the penicillin to avoid treatment with small doses of veterinary drugs, but large doses or large doses of penicillin veterinary drugs, can interfere with anticoagulant mechanisms and cause bleeding or Causes central nervous system poisoning, causing animal convulsions, incontinence, and even paralysis. So, what is the best dose? In general, 1-1.5 million units of pigs, cattle, sheep, and dogs per kilogram of body weight; 4000-8,000 units of horses, baboons, and donkeys.
Immediately soluble
Due to the unstable aqueous solution of penicillins, the longer the time of dissolution at room temperature, the lower the potency, the more decomposition products, and the sensitizing substances, so it should be ready for immediate use.
Attention to incompatibility
Sulfonamide sodium salt and penicillin mixed will invalidate penicillin; penicillin combined with gentamicin will invalidate gentamycin; penicillin cannot be mixed with tetracycline, sodium bicarbonate, vitamin C and atropine, otherwise it will cause failure. Effect to affect the efficacy.
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