The name of the giant salamander is "Dazhao", which is a large amphibious and rare animal. It mainly lives in the mountains and streams with elevations of 200 to 1,000 meters above sea level and is cool. Because its sound resembles a baby crying and its four fins resemble a baby's arm, it is commonly called a "dolphin." Its narrow range of distribution, small population, and high research value have been included in the list of secondary protected animals.
Dolphin meat is delicate, unique in flavor, rich in nutrition, and has a high food value. At the same time, the giant salamander is a valuable medicinal animal. It has the functions of nourishing yin and tonifying kidneys and boosting blood circulation. It has significant curative effects on diseases such as anemia, cholera, dysentery, malaria, and blood circulation, and it has also improved intelligence, beauty, and skin benefits. Significant effect. Due to environmental destruction and human killing, the number of wild dolphins is currently very small, and the market price per kilogram is as high as more than 2,000 yuan, which is mainly sold to high-end hotels in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Qingdao, and their products are in short supply.
In recent years, with the capture of the artificial breeding technology of the giant salamander, the artificial breeding of the giant salamander has become possible. At the same time, in order to support artificial breeding and breeding of giant salamanders, national laws stipulate that as long as the breeding farms go to relevant departments to certify them in accordance with the law, the second generation of giant salamanders after artificial breeding can enter the market. Located in the Liulin Township and Guandu Town of Zhushan County in the northwestern Hubei Province, after many years of exploration and practice, the artificial breeding and breeding techniques of the giant salamander have gradually matured. Some farmers have embarked on a road to poverty alleviation through artificial breeding of giant salamanders. Its technical points:
First, choose the right environment
Whether the artificial breeding of giant salamander is successful or not, the culture environment is very important.
1. The breeding water temperature should be suitable. According to years of observation, the water temperature that is most suitable for the growth of giant salamanders is 16~22°C. Summer temperatures are high in the low mountains. If the water temperature exceeds 26°C, the growth of the giant salamander will be affected. Sometimes the "summer sleep" phenomenon will occur. If the temperature is too high, it will cause the death of the giant salamander. However, if the altitude is too high, the ambient temperature and the water temperature will be too low. The baby salamander has a short effective growth time, a slow growth rate, and it is not economical to breed. Therefore, the breeding of giant salamanders, the site is best to choose 500 to 800 meters above sea level, the winter is not cold, no heat in summer areas.
2. The culture water quality is better. Lizardfish Xi Jie is afraid of dirty, and its water quality requirements are very strict. Wild dolphins generally live in deep mountain gorges and rivers where natural vegetation is good and the environment is pollution-free. In the mountain area, artificial breeding of giant salamanders, the best source of water is the Xiaoxigou and spring water, which can be used for many years. It is also possible to make use of the bottom water of fresh and medium-sized reservoirs. The water should be fresh, fresh, free from pollution, and high in dissolved oxygen. PH value Neutral. From the mountainous areas, farmland, mines, and urban tap water, some chemical substances may exceed the standard and cannot be used as breeding water for giant salamanders.
3. Keep the farming environment quiet. The baby dolphins are frightened with joy and the yin is afraid of the habits of the phoenix. Therefore, the quiet environment is very important for raising the baby dolphins. In the mountainous area, it is advisable to choose a suitable area for the construction of a dollfish farm, surrounded by mountains, luxuriant trees, sparsely populated areas, relatively independent, quiet, and cool places. Some farmers use natural caves or artificial tunneling in places where water is available. They can maintain constant temperature, avoid light, and be quiet. They can also prevent escape and theft. The breeding effect is very good.
To achieve the above conditions, it is best to choose the appropriate environment in the origin of the giant salamander. In addition, it is easy to burst floods in summer in the mountainous areas, and it is also necessary to do a good job of preventing flooding and avoiding escaping during site selection.
Second, scientific and rational building pool
1. Build the pool. After the breeding site is determined, shading and darkness should be selected, and the management and inflow and outflow of water should be convenient for building aquaculture ponds. Because the giant salamanders have bullying, starvation, bullying, and habits of killing each other when there is not enough food and extreme hunger, the breeding of giant salamanders requires the establishment of a large number of small ponds, which are sorted and bred separately. Breeding ponds generally adopt a brick-concrete structure, and each small pond area is determined according to the size of the giant salamander. Hours range from 1 to 2 square meters, and from 2 to 4 square meters, the pool shape is not limited, but the pool height needs to be more than 1 meter. The bottom slab of the pool forms a void, or a foam plate is floated on the surface of the water for the pups to hide in the shelter. The inner wall of the pool needs to be wiped with cement to prevent it from escaping or scratching. There is a walkway between each row of breeding ponds for convenient daily management such as feeding.
2. In and out of the water system. Each aquaculture pond must be provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are generally located at both ends of the pool. In order to prevent cross-contamination during the infection of the juvenile fish, the inlet of each aquaculture pond must be directly connected to the main water inlet pipe and the main pipe should be filled with water. In addition, sewage outlets should be set up at the bottom of the culture tanks to eliminate the feces and metabolites of the baby fish and keep the water clean.
Third, the seedlings
1. Purchase. It is best for farmers to purchase artificially grown, disease-free seedlings at the nearest artificial breeding center. Currently, juvenile fingerlings are more expensive. In order to ensure the survival rate of aquaculture, it is better for the first-time breeders to purchase baby fry with a weight of more than 100 grams. Such seedlings are not only easy to survive but also grow rapidly.
2. Delivery. Due to the fierce and aggressive habits of the giant salamanders, especially the adult salamanders, when they are hungry due to lack of food, they often bite at night, lightly injured, and even severely kill the baby salamanders. Therefore, the salamanders must be bred according to size and strength. Sorting, proper thinning. In general, depending on the size of the rearing pond and the fry, each pond is fed with 5 to 10 larvae of the same size, and the fish hour can be dense and large. It should be noted that because the bricks, cement, and lime used in the construction of the pool are all alkaline, the newly established breeding ponds can not be put into use immediately after the dollfish seedlings. The pool must be filled with streams for 2 to 3 days to wash. After clean, let the filthy water be discharged, and then rinse repeatedly with water for more than 3 times until the water poured into the pool is neutral (PH value is about 7) before the baby fry can be released. If there is no PH test paper test, you can also try to raise the fish fry in the pool for 2 to 3 days, and be sure to launch the baby fry after the problem. If you use the old pool, you need to use 1PPM of bleach and 0.5PPM of crystal trichlorfon in advance to sterilize, kill insects, and rinse with clean water before you can put the baby fry.
Fourth, feeding and management
1. Feeding. There is a wide range of recipes for salamanders. All types of fish, shrimp, crabs, loach, squid, frogs, clams, insects, and viscera and other wastes of pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, etc. can be fed, but the bait must be fresh. In order to solve the problem of long-term feeding of bait, artificial breeding in mountain areas can be accompanied by cultivation of small trash fish, or cultured earthworms, yellow mealworms, snails, and so on. The giant salamanders have a strong ability to fight hunger. They will not starve to death for long periods of time without eating. However, after a long period of hunger, they will have gluttony habits. When food is lacking, they will also show similar disability. Therefore, artificial breeding of salamanders should be observed, depending on the water temperature and the weather. In addition, the feeding status of the giant salamanders was regularly, quantitatively and balancedly fed to promote the healthy growth of salamanders.
2. Management. In order to manage water well, we must always maintain a slight stream of water in the pool. The water in the pond is fresh, free from pollution, and high in dissolved oxygen. It must maintain proper water levels. It is necessary to prevent dry pools and prevent water from escaping. Second, it must be well controlled. The water temperature, especially in the high temperature season, should be enhanced to change the water so that the water temperature always stays below 25°C. Third, attention should be paid to avoiding light. When the sunlight is strong, shelter shade should be set up in time to prevent direct sunlight from the breeding pool. Fourth, keep the pool clean. , On the bait of feces and spit bait and spit debris and other debris should be promptly removed to prevent water corruption caused by a variety of diseases; Fifth, anti-theft anti-theft, especially in heavy rain seasons should carefully check the anti-fighting facilities to prevent the baby turtles from taking the opportunity to escape.
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