When wheat grows into the booting stage, it is known as low-temperature chilling due to the hazard of low temperature. The reason why wheat suffers from low temperature chilling: After the jointing of wheat to the booting stage, it is in a period of high moisture content and young tissue, and the ability to resist low temperature is greatly weakened. The average daily temperature is between 10°C and 15°C before and after wheat ear development to the tetrads formation period (booting stage). At this time, it is extremely sensitive to environmental low temperatures and water deficit, especially sensitive to low temperatures, if the minimum temperature is lower than 5 °C-6 °C will suffer. The cold chilling of wheat is characterized by the fact that the stem and leaf parts are not affected by it, and there is no abnormal performance. The affected part is spikelets of all or part of the ear, manifested as delayed heading or empty spikelets or spikelets in the wheat ears. Only a part of the fruitfulness will seriously affect the output.
Frost damage prevention measures:
1. Select suitable broadcast varieties. In areas where there is frequent occurrence of frost damage, the area of ​​semi-wintering cultivars with good cold resistance and late jointing should be appropriately increased, especially in dryland wheat, the area of ​​weak spring cultivars should be controlled to prevent freezing damage.
2. Strictly grasp the appropriate sowing date. The best sowing date for winter wheat is October 8-12, and the best sowing date for weak spring varieties is October 15-20.
3. timely irrigation. According to the local weather forecast, irrigation should be conducted before the cold current hits, raising the temperature near the ground and leaf surface to form a microclimate that can prevent or mitigate damage. Generally, the irrigation effect is the best one to three days before cooling, and antifreeze is used to select the breeze or calm wind.
4. Smoke smoke and frost. When frost occurs, the method of applying smoke from the field to the ground has a good anti-frost effect. Irrespective of irrigation and antifreeze or smoke and frost protection, priority shall be given to priority areas that are prone to frost damage and varieties that are prone to frost damage.
The remedial measures after frost damage: Wheat has a strong adaptability. When the main stem and the Oita are frozen to death, the root system still absorbs nutrients and moisture, and the underlying buds of the tarsi tarsal sprout and grow rapidly. As long as the remedial measures are taken promptly, they are all possible. Heading and fruiting. Timely topdressing a small amount of available nitrogen fertilizer, apply urea 5-7.5 kg per acre, combined with irrigation, cultivator loose soil protection, to remedy.
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