Penaeus vannamei belongs to the arthropoda, crustacean, decapoda, and swimming suborders. It is native to the waters of the Pacific coast of South America and is recognized as one of the three fine shrimp species in the world.
The shrimp has a long breeding cycle, fast growth, strong disease resistance, and delicious meat. It is a best-selling product on the aquatic market and has a promising future.
1 Ecological Characteristics Penaeus vannamei is a tropical shrimp with a survival temperature of 6-40 °C, a growth water temperature of 15-38 °C, and an optimal growth temperature of 22-35 °C. The adaptability to low temperature is somewhat poor, and the water temperature is lower than 15 °C Ingestion activity was affected and death occurred below 9°C. The shrimp is resistant to environmental changes and can grow in salinity of 0.5 ‰ to 3.5 水 in waters. After desalting, it can be cultured in pure fresh water. Dissolved oxygen requires more than 5 mg/l, with a minimum tolerance of 1.2 mg/l. The pH range is 7.0 to 8.5, and the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, etc. cannot be too high.
2 Desalination measures
2.1 Drainage of shrimp seedlings Purchasing shrimp seedlings from nursery sites must be carefully diluted in the nursery. The salinity of the seedlings must be between 2 and 5 to be purchased.
2.2 Before the pond is deseeded, the area inside the pond is covered with a thin film or colorful cloth around the corner. The water depth is about 50 centimeters. Then use salt brine or coarse salt to adjust the water to a salinity similar to the nursery. According to our practice, each 60 square meters of water is adjusted to a salinity difference of ±1 per 50 kg of coarse salt, and then the purchased shrimp is placed in temporary stocking, and the barrier film or multicolored cloth is removed after natural desalination for 7 to 10 days. , normal feeding.
2.3 Pond conditions The bottom of the pool is flat and the silt cannot be too thick. The depth of the pond is 1 - 1.5 meters, and the cultured area is generally 2000 - 3,000 square meters. Clear ponds must be thorough. There should be no aquatic plants, wild fish and other predators in the pool.
3 Seed stocks are generally stocked in mid-May to mid-July. Extensive: generally 10,000 to 15,000 seedlings per 667 square meters, yield about 100 kilograms. Intensive breeding: 3 seedlings per 667m2
Millions or so, the output is about 200 kilograms.
4 Feeding time and quantity Feeding of South American white shrimp twice a day before feeding: 8 o'clock in the morning and 20 o'clock in the afternoon; feeding 3 times a day in the middle of breeding: 8 o'clock in the morning, 19 o'clock in the afternoon and 23 o'clock in the night; Daily feeding
4 times: 7 a.m., 12 noon, 19 p.m., 0 p.m. The amount of feeding was 8% to 10% of shrimp weight in the previous period, 6% to 8% in the middle period, and 4% to 5% in the later period. Spread evenly on the edge of the pond and feed at night for 50% of the daily feed.
5 Adjusting the water quality The color of the pond of the South American white prawn is yellow-brown. In the early period of cultivation, the transparency is controlled at about 30 cm and about 40 cm at the later stage. During the cultivation period, chickens, pigs and cow dung are chased once a week for 2.5 to 3.5 kg per 667 square meter.
6 Disease Prevention and Control Once the onset of Penaeus vannamei, it is very difficult to control, and prevention should be the main reason for this. The main method is: use dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant, use once every 10-15 days, the dosage is 0.1 g/m3,
The whole pool is evenly spilled; Treatment: Use dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant once, the amount of which is 0.2 g/m3. If the condition is serious, change some water after 2 days, and then use it for 1 time. The dosage is 0.1 g/m3.
7 Harvesting and harvesting Penaeus vannamei breeding cycle is 65-80 days, specifications 60-70/kg, can be listed for sale. Fishing methods can be caught with shrimp cage nets and can also be caught in dry ponds.
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