The fruit of the pumpkin can be used as food. The whole plant is also used for medicinal purposes. The seeds contain pumpkin amino acids, which have the effects of clearing away heat and dehumidifying and deworming. They have the effect of controlling and killing schistosomiasis. The vine has the effect of clearing heat. Guati has the effect of curing the fetus and curing the toothache. For everyone to introduce the pumpkin watering and fertilization technology should master?
First, pumpkin watering
Pumpkin roots are strong, with strong water absorption and drought resistance. The pumpkin leaves are large and many, and the transpiration is strong, so it is necessary to irrigate in time to obtain high yield. One week after planting, the seedling water is poured once to promote the growth of branches and leaves; after fruit setting, the fruit water is poured once. In the future, according to the climatic conditions, water is properly watered to ensure fruit development. After the fruit is fully grown, water is properly controlled to promote the accumulation of dry matter and improve the quality of the pumpkin.
Second, pumpkin fertilization
It should be based on the fertilizer characteristics of the pumpkin. The growth period of pumpkin is different, and the absorption of nutrients is also different. The growth of pumpkin in seedling stage is very small, and the amount of fertilizer required is also small. The absorption of nitrogen in the fruit expansion period increases sharply, and the absorption law of potassium and nitrogen is basically the same. The amount of phosphorus absorbed is less increased. According to the Japanese Miyazaki agricultural experiment, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium increased slowly in the first 1/3 of the 137 days from the planting to the cultivation of the pupa, and the middle 1/3 of the time increased rapidly. In the last 1/3 of the time, the growth was most significant. The absorption of nutrients by pumpkin during the whole growth period is highest in potassium and nitrogen, followed by calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. For the production of 4,308 kg of pumpkin per 667 square meters, it is necessary to absorb 20.5 kg of nitrogen, 6.9 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 25.1 kg of potassium oxide. The specific fertilization requirements are as follows.
1 base fertilizer. Mainly organic fertilizer, combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer. The commonly used base fertilizers are manure, compost or green manure. The amount is relatively large, generally accounting for 1/3-1/2 of the total fertilization amount, and 3000-4000 kg of organic fertilizer per 667 square meters. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, and they are mixed with organic fertilizers and applied to the soil layer. In the case of insufficient organic fertilizer, 15-20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are applied per 667 square meters. The base fertilizer has two methods of application and concentrated application. When applied, it is generally combined with deep tillage. After evenly applying organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer, it is repeatedly rubbed twice with a spiral plough to evenly mix the fertilizer with the soil. When there is less fertilizer, it is generally applied in a ditching concentrated strip to apply the fertilizer in the sowing line.
2 topdressing. Topdressing is mainly based on quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, combined with application of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. The amount of topdressing generally accounts for 1/2-2/3 of the total fertilization amount. When topdressing, it should be carried out in batches according to the different amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required for different growth stages of pumpkin. In the seedling stage, the topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, and the purpose is to promote the emergence of seedlings. Generally, 5-8 kg of urea is applied per 667 square meters. In the result period, not only need to supply sufficient nitrogen fertilizer, but also timely supplementation of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to ensure the full expansion of the fruit. Generally, after fruit setting, 10-15 kg of urea is applied per 667 square meters, and 5-10 kg of potassium sulfate is applied, and a total of 1-2 times are applied. At the time of top dressing, attention should be paid to the position. The seed dressing should be applied close to the base of the plant. When entering the fruiting stage, the position of the top dressing should gradually move to both sides of the sputum. On calcareous soil, nitrogen fertilizer should follow the principle of fertilization for deep application of soil, especially ammonium bicarbonate. It must be applied more than 6 cm deep to avoid fertilizer volatilization and reduce fertilizer efficiency. For chemically stable nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate and urea, it is possible to use topdressing combined with irrigation to carry out top dressing. In the middle and late stages of pumpkin growth, the ability of roots to absorb nutrients is weakened. In order to ensure the growth and development of pumpkins, the roots can be supplemented by root dressing. Sprayed fertilizer can be used 0.2%-0.3% urea, 0.5%-1% chlorinated fertilizer, 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, usually sprayed once every 7-10 days, several fertilizers can be applied alternately , even spray 2-3 times.
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