The early harvest corn kernels are not full, the water content is high, the bulk density is low, and the quality of the goods is poor. According to a survey conducted by researcher Chen Hongyu, director of the Corn Research Center of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the annual harvest of corn at least 10% of corn production is reduced, which is equivalent to 100 kg of corn per mu per year in the middle-produced field, and 150 kg of corn in high-yield fields. Chen Hongyu believes that proper late harvesting, full grain filling, and maximum potential for grain storage are an important measure to achieve high yield and quality of summer maize.
After fertilization, the corn enters the grain formation stage and begins the ripening process of the corn kernel. With the gradual acceleration of time, the filling speed reached the fastest 30 days after pollination, and then gradually decreased until 55-60 days after pollination, the grouting tends to stagnate. The corn kernel weight will continue to increase during the grouting process. Farmers in our province generally start harvesting when the leaves turn yellow on September 15th, and this is usually 40 days after corn flowering and pollination. The corn glutinous leaves began to turn yellow and did not reach full maturity. At this time, the grain weight was only 79.3-82.4% of the final yield, and the 1000-grain weight was still increasing at a rate of 4.69 g/day to 2.2 g/day until about 55 days. When the line basically disappears, the grouting tends to stop. Harvesting from 40 days to 45 days after corn flowering pollination will result in a yield loss of 15% to 10%.
The core of corn post-harvesting technology is harvested when the corn is fully mature. Chen Hongyu advises farmers to change the habit of harvesting the leaves when they turn yellow, and strictly grasp the sign that the corn is fully mature, that is, the grain becomes hard and the grain filling line moves down to the grain. The base disappears completely; the black layer of the root of the grain is formed; the grain exhibits the inherent color and characteristics of the variety; the leaves of the ear are dry, fluffy and white. Farmers should change the customary corn harvest 40-45 days after harvesting for 55 days after pollination, strictly control the time of corn grouting, and let the corn fully grout.
The summer maize in our province has different planting dates, and the time for corn to enter the full maturity period varies from place to place. Huainan and Huaihe areas are generally in late September, and the northern region is not fully mature until the end of September and early October. Therefore, the corn in the south of the province should be harvested in late September, and the Huaibei area should be harvested at the end of September.
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