First, venue selection
It should be far away from livestock and poultry farms, garbage dumps, chemical plants, and places with large numbers of people. It requires convenient transportation, adequate water sources, and clean and pollution free.
Second, cultivation and management
1. Select bacteria. According to the local climate characteristics, suitable cultivation types and varieties should be selected. Aging or contaminated strains should not be used. Strong, high-quality and disease-resistant strains should be used.
2. Fine management. Pay attention to the hygiene of raw materials, bacteria bags and tools. The waste should not be piled up near the cultivation room and must be treated with high-temperature compost. The new and old baghouses in the cultivation room must be separated and stored in separate rooms, and must not be mixed in order to be strictly sterilized and disinfected so as to prevent infection and various secondary infections.
3. Scientific breeding. For different kinds of edible fungi, scientifically regulate the temperature, humidity, light, pH, etc. of the cultivation room according to their requirements for growth and development conditions, and appropriate ventilation and ventilation to promote the healthy growth of hyphae and prevent the occurrence of high temperature and high temperatures. Wet unfavorable environment.
4. Fertilization. Spray peptone, yeast extract solution, can make mushroom body hypertrophy, promote the tide; spray compost human excrement, after spraying, can be sprayed with water again; spray rice vinegar. In the middle and late growth stages of Prunus edodes, 300 times of edible rice vinegar is sprayed on the mushroom surface, and once a day for 1-3 days before harvesting, the yield can be generally increased by 6%, and the color is more white; spraying culture material leachate can be Extend the peak period of fruiting, and make the fruit body hypertrophy; spraying glucose, calcium carbonate solution, has the role of promoting mycelial growth.
5. Moisture management. Mushrooms should always be well ventilated, and the relative air humidity should not exceed 95%. When the natural temperature reaches 16°C, water is poured in the bowl once, and water is sprayed every morning, morning and evening. Spray water as much as possible into the space and ground, do not spray on the fruiting body. In the cold season, it is best to spray warm water sun-heated.
6. Temperature management. Mushroom shed temperature is best controlled at 10-18 °C when the temperature is low, during the day extend the time of direct sunlight, at night to cover the grass curtain. When the temperature is high, the grass is covered during the day and the straw is uncovered at night.
7. Ventilation management. When the temperature is high, every day to open the straw curtain ventilation 2-3 hours, low temperature and windy weather; less ventilation; sooner or later spray before and after the increase in ventilation, mushroom bud differentiation period of less ventilation, mushroom bud growth period more ventilation.
8. Lighting management. Mushroom buds should have stable scattered light during the growth period, adhere to daily drying in the morning and evening for 1-2 hours, increase direct sunlight, and avoid strong light during fruiting period.
Third, pest and disease control
The edible fungus itself has weak resistance to pests and is difficult to control once it occurs. The principle of prevention and comprehensive prevention and control shall be adhered to, and prevention and control shall be achieved mainly through selection of pest-resistant varieties, physical control, biological control, and enhanced cultivation and management.
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