Ginger is one of the common cooking seasonings. In recent years, the price of ginger has increased year by year. Planting ginger can bring good economic benefits to farmers. In order to better promote the development of ginger industry, Xiaobian today wants to share the safe and pollution-free production of ginger. Technology for reference.
1 Characteristic characteristics
1.1 traits and morphological characteristics
Ginger roots are underdeveloped and shallow, mainly distributed in soil layers around 30 cm. The stem is fleshy root, and the axillary bud can be divided into multiple times. The secondary rhizome is densely packed with blocks. The more the number of seedlings is, the larger the ginger is, the higher the yield is. The ground stem is a pseudo-stem of the sheath sheath, which is 70~100 cm high and stands upright without branching. Leaves lanceolate, leaf sheath, green, leaves alternate, arranged in two rows. Ginger rarely results in breeding crops for roots.
1.2 Growth habits
Ginger warm and humid environmental conditions, not resistant to low temperature frost, requires fertile and loose, rich in organic matter, easy to drain and loam is good, like slightly acidic soil. It is strict in water requirements, neither drought-tolerant nor tolerant to drought. When drought occurs, stems and leaves are withered, growth is poor, high temperature and high humidity, poor drainage is easy to cause disease. For the three elements of fertilizer, the potassium is the most, the nitrogen is the second, and the phosphorus is the least. Ginger begins to germinate above 16 °C, seedlings grow at a suitable temperature of 20-25 °C, stems and leaves grow at a suitable temperature of 25-28 °C, and stop growing below 15 °C. The annual temperature of the villages such as Tangzhaizhai, Gaodeng and Baishapo is basically above 15 °C, which is very suitable for the growth of ginger and the yield is relatively high.
1.3 Nutritional value
"Winter eat radish, eat ginger in summer, do not pay the doctor to prescribe." Ginger is not only a condiment, but also a good food for health care, ginger contains 18.1% carbohydrate, 2.2% protein and potassium, sodium, magnesium, vitamins per 100 grams. E 0.45 mg, vitamin A 27 μg, thiamine 0.06 mg, niacin 0.7 mg and other nutrients, these ingredients have a detoxification and bactericidal effect, and ginger in the Chinese medicine has divergence, vomiting, cough and other effects.
2 High-yield cultivation techniques
2.1 Fine soil preparation, formula fertilization
Strictly choose the land, avoid continuous cropping, require the field to have a slightly higher topography, convenient drainage, less water accumulation, fertile soil, deep soil layer, good gas permeability, rich organic matter, water and fertilizer, slightly acidic fertile loam, deep turning 30 cm Above, 5000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 50~75 kg of superphosphate, flattened and fined, sorghum cultivation, 畦 width 150 cm (groove), height 20 cm or more, 3 rows of 10 cm deep on the surface The ditch can be planted in 3 rows.
2.2 Selected ginger species, pharmaceutical treatment
1) Choose ginger. To choose the old ripe ginger harvested before and after the frost, the old dried ginger has more material accumulation and emerges. Choose ginger, hypertrophy, bright yellow color, no shrinkage, full buds, thick internodes, broth with 1~2 strong buds, weight 50~75 g, and no disease. Avoid using the diseased field of ginger as a ginger species.
2) Pharmacy treatment. Soak the ginger with 50% carbendazim 500 times before planting. After the ginger is disinfected, it should be dried for 2~3 days. When the surface of the ginger is bright, it can be stacked. Cover it with straw for heat preservation and germination. It is required to keep it moist. The temperature is controlled at 20~25°C. When the ginger bud grows to 1 cm. You can sow.
2.3 Reasonable close planting, timely planting
Irrigation conditions are good, the temperature is high, and there is no germination, sowing in the horror season; in areas where there is no irrigation and low temperature, it is necessary to germination in the area before or after the Qingming Festival. Seeding is carried out with a row spacing of 35~40 cm, the plant spacing is 26~30 cm, the ditch depth is 10~20 cm, and the planting is about 500 kg per mu. 15 kg of urea and 25 kg of compound fertilizer are used as seed fertilizer, and the fertilizer is put into the ditch and mixed with the soil. Drain the bottom water about 1 h before sowing to make the soil moist. Place the ginger in the ditch horizontally, keep the direction of the young shoots consistent, and gently press it into the mud, and cover the wet soil about 5 cm.
2.4 Field Management
1) Chemical weeding. (1) Post-emergence weeding after sowing: After sowing, the ginger is weeded with 50% acetochlor EC 100 m L or 33% pendimethalin 100 m L. (2) Post-emergence weeding: When the field weeds are 1~2 leaf stage, the special herbicide for ginger, smoked emulsifiable concentrate 70 m L, is used to control all kinds of weeds in the field.
2) Replenish seedlings when grabbing. In the 7 days after the emergence of the seedlings, the spare nests that could not be emerged were used to transplant the seedlings to fill the gaps.
3) Timely topdressing. The first top dressing is carried out in 2 to 3 branches. 10 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium are used to raise seedlings for 30 tons of human and animal manure; the second top dressing when 4 to 5 branches, 10 kg of urea, 30 to 40 kg of potassium sulfate, high quality and fine dry Manure 2000 kg, 40 tons of manure, re-application of attacking fertilizer to promote a large number of branches and rhizome enlargement; the last top dressing before and after the heat, the use of urea 15 kg on the manure water 40 ~ 50, in order to cool the rhizome further Rapidly expanding.
4) Cultivate the soil at the right time. For the first time in the middle of June, after every 10~15 d, the soil should not be too thick. Generally, it should be about 3.33 cm. The ginger will be changed into ginger ditch. The original planting ditch will become ginger, and the soil can be combined with cultivating and weeding. And fertilization is carried out together.
5) Irrigation drainage. Daejeon needs to be equipped with Sangou, and it is easy to drain and drain. After planting, the soil surface should be properly dried to inhibit the disease and increase the soil temperature to facilitate emergence. Before emergence and before harvest, the soil can not be drought, especially in the period from June to August, when the ginger grows vigorously. If the drought should be timely, the water should be drained when it rains.
3 pest control
Adhere to the principle of “preventing prevention, focusing on prevention†and selecting low-toxic and low-residue pesticides for prevention and treatment.
3.1 Ginger disease
Generally, it starts in July, and the incidence of high temperature and heavy rain is heavy. The main disease of Jiangyan disease is comprehensive agricultural control, such as crop rotation and strict selection. The diseased plants are found in the field and the healthy plants within 0.5 m of the diseased plants are removed. Dig out the soil with bacteria, slake lime 1 kg in and around the diseased hole, and irrigate with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution or 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 3000~4000 times solution, with 50% dexamethasone 800 Spray twice or 50% DT wettable powder 500 times to prevent the disease from continuing.
3.2 Sheath blight, anthracnose
The main manifestations are water-soaked brown lesions on the stems, yellow-white leaf spots on the leaves, thin spots in the middle of the spots, dense spots in severe cases, and brown leaves in the late stage. Control method: use 30% of benzyl-propiconazole for 10g of water to prevent and cure 3~4 leaves after emergence, and use it again after 20~30 days, which can effectively enhance the disease resistance of ginger and reduce the occurrence of ginger rickets. To achieve the purpose of increasing production and income.
3.3 Jiang Yan
Also known as the heartworm, mainly for the heart of ginger. Control method: control with 80% dichlorvos EC 1000 times solution or 90% trichlorfon powder 1000 times solution.
3.4 Little Land Tiger
Also known as the silkworm, mainly in the early stage of seedlings, causing broken seedlings. Control method: control with 50% phoxim 2500 times solution or 90% trichlorfon 1500 times solution in the evening.
4 Harvest and store at the right time
4.1 Timely harvest
Wenshan Prefecture collects ginger in two ways: harvesting ginger and collecting ginger. Ginger is cultivated in one season, and it can be harvested from July to August. The early harvesting yield is low, but the output value is high. In production practice, the vegetable farmers are harvested according to market demand.
1) Collect tender ginger (Zi Jiang). After the autumn, you can harvest fresh ginger, ginger, and fresh ginger, which is suitable for fresh food and processing. Wenshan Prefecture generally starts to receive tender ginger from the middle and late August. When collecting and digging, first select some diseased plants that have had ginger or have the possibility of occurrence of ginger, and harvest the tender ginger every time. The price of tender ginger is low and it is not resistant to storage.
2) Collect ginger. Harvesting ginger at the right time is an important part of ensuring the production of ginger. Wenshan Prefecture is suitable for harvesting in mid-November. Pay attention to the following points when harvesting: First, harvest when the weather is fine and the soil is dry. The second is light shipment, no damage to ginger skin. The third is to keep 2~3cm of ground stems when cutting ginger, in order to facilitate wintering. Fourth, the soil should not be too dry and wet during harvesting, so as not to affect harvesting and storage. Fifth, when collecting ginger, it should be noted that the selection of staying disease-free, non-injury, ginger, hypertrophy, and bud-eye-grown ginger, for single-receipt and single-storage.
4.2 Storage
çª–è— is the main method for storing ginger in Wolong Street in Wolong Street. It is generally selected near the housing, sheltering from the wind, sunny, high ground and dry, low groundwater level and convenient drainage. Pay attention to the following points when storing:
1) Do a drainage ditch around the mouth to prevent rain from flowing into the ginger.
2) Before the ginger is introduced into the pot, the soil and debris in the pot must be cleaned. When the pot is dry, it can be sprinkled with water to keep it moist. The used crucibles should be disinfected with chlorothalonil and carbendazim in advance.
With the pursuit of green and pollution-free food, pollution-free ginger will cater to market demand, so the planting prospects are good!
Starch Vegetable Empty Capsule
Starch Vegetable Empty Capsule,Empty Vegetable Capsules Size 00,Hydroxypropyl Starch Empty Capsules,Starch Empty Hard Capsules
Ningbo Jiangnan Capsule Co., Ltd. , https://www.ningbocapsule.com