Jasmine white feather disease is the most serious disease of jasmine. When the disease is severe, the plant will die and affect the yield. The prevention and control techniques for jasmine white peony disease are described below for reference.
First, the symptoms. The disease occurs in the root neck and roots, and when appropriate conditions can spread to the lower leaves. The root and neck become brown and rotten, gradually spreading and spreading, resulting in a white silky film, mostly radial, with a particularly sharp edge. The sclerotinous mycelia can spread to the soil near the neck, and the whole basin soil is full of white hyphae. After the formation of sclerotia on the mycelial membrane, the sclerotia are initially white, gradually deepening into yellow, dark brown until dark brown, rapeseed size. After the death of the cortex, the leaves died from dead and dead leaves, and the whole plant died. In very humid conditions, hyphae can spread directly to the lower leaves, resulting in a large number of white silk membranes, surrounded by the lower branches and leaves, so that watery spots in the leaves, produce hypha on the silk film.
The cause of white peony disease is fungal neatness Sclerotinia. Is a semi-known fungus subphylum, filamentous spore class, no sporophore, small sclerotium genus. The sclerotia are white at first, then brownish brown to dark brown from a pale yellow gradient. The surface is smooth, spherical or nearly spherical, 0.8-2.3 mm in diameter, and is very similar to rapeseed. The optimum temperature for pathogenic bacteria development is 32-33°C, the maximum temperature is 40°C, and the minimum is 8°C. The pH range is pH 5-9.
Second, the incidence of law. The host of germs is extensive, reaching more than 200 species. Sphagnum or mycelium overwinters in soil, diseased plant residues, and weeds. Sclerotia survive in soil for more than 4 years, but the survival period under high humidity conditions is very short and it is not resistant to flooding. The pathogen spreads mycelium in the soil and spreads distantly by the artificial transfer of water or diseased seedlings, diseased soil, and sick pots. When using waste soil or vegetable garden soil for soil change, it is easy to cause disease, continuous disease or continuous use of sick pots and soil disease is heavy; high humidity is easy to disease.
Third, control methods
(1) Horticultural control: The crop rotation system is adopted, and the soil in pots and pots is treated intensively to be poured into paddy fields. The pot soil is taken from a disease-free plot and paddy field soil is preferred. Organic manure must be fully decomposed; propagation material should be cut from disease-free plants; greenhouses should be kept from piling up when they pass winter.
(2) Remove the diseased plants and disinfect the soil. Early detection of the damaged plants should be promptly removed and burned or buried deeply. The diseased hole should be sprinkled with 86.2% copper master 800-1200 times liquid or sprinkled with lime powder. Removal of diseased plants should be done before sclerotia.
(3) Chemical control: Use 50% fungal extract per acre to control 1 kg; after the onset, use 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold solution or 50% carbendazim 1000-fold solution to sprinkle the soil around the plant stem base to suppress the spread of disease. . Pour other bactericidal agents later; Pellets can be made of Trichoderma bran preparation, mix in soil by 0.5% of the soil weight, and use after loading pots; some pots and soils can also be excavated and mixed into the soil of the preparation.
(4) Physical control: Pellets are sterilized by heating.
(5) Biological control: The use of the anti-biotic strains of Trichoderma harzianum to control jasmine white peony disease has a good effect. Trichoderma strains were first cultivated, then mixed with the sterilized bran to prepare a Trichoderma preparation. When the Trichoderma preparations are used, they are evenly mixed with the fine soil and applied to the soil. The soil must maintain a certain humidity, which causes the Trichoderma maxima to grow and reproduce in the soil, so as to inhibit the growth of the whitefly pathogen and thus achieve the purpose of disease prevention.
(6) Reasonable fertilization: The application of organic fertilizers without surface decomposition in the soil surface will increase the occurrence of white peony disease. Therefore, organic fertilizers (such as manure, etc.) should be used as basal fertilizers to deeply bury the soil. If used as topdressing, it must be fully decomposed before it can be applied.
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