"After the sorghum has entered the heading and flowering period and the filling period, the management has entered the final stage. Doing good sorghum field management can ensure the harvest and high yield of sorghum." On June 27, in Lingyuan Village, Tongtan Town, Jiangyang District, Luzhou City Liu Qi, a senior agronomist in Jiangyang District, told the villagers while checking the heading of sorghum.
Re-application of joint fertilizer
Sorghum needs the most fertilizer during the jointing and heading stage. Therefore, when the base fertilizer is sufficient and the fertilizer is few and only one top dressing, it should be applied early in the jointing stage or a few days in advance. If the amount of fertilization is large, or there is a possibility of defoliation in the later period, it should be applied twice in accordance with the principle of first weight and then light, in order to facilitate sugar accumulation, reduce the content of hydrocyanic acid, and improve the quality of feed and sugar.
Watering and drainage
Sorghum urgently needs water in the jointing and heading and filling stages, but it should prevent lodging in the later period due to premature irrigation and internode elongation, so a small amount of multiple irrigations are required. If the soil water content exceeds 76% of the field's water holding capacity, irrigation is not possible. At the beginning of heading and grouting, the demand for water is more urgent and will reach a peak. Water demand during this period accounts for 36% of the total growth period. At this time, if a drought is encountered, the number of ears will be reduced, which will seriously affect the development of young ears, cause the degradation of spikelets and florets, and reduce the seed setting rate, which will directly lead to a serious decline in yield. Cultivating soil
After the jointing period, plowing and deep plowing can keep the soil loose, cut off part of the root system, inhibit the growth of above ground parts, promote the production of new roots, expand the area of ​​absorbing water and fertilizer, and have a positive effect on the formation of strong stems and spikes and increase economic yield . The role of soil cultivation is to prevent lodging, maintain moisture content, concentrate soil nutrients in the rhizosphere, promote the extension of aerial roots to the soil, and enhance the ability to absorb moisture and fertilizer. The middle tillage period should be combined with soil tillage to promote root removal, early growth and rapid growth, and enhance wind resistance, lodging resistance, drought resistance and soil water storage and moisture retention capacity.
Spraying plant hormones
In the sorghum growth period, spraying some plant hormones at the right time can adjust the relationship between plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth, prevent lodging, shortness of breath, and nitrogen and phosphorus operation, make plants bloom early, accelerate filling, early ripening, and increase yield. Common plant hormones include ethephon and chlormequat.
Controlling pests and diseases
The sorghum heading and filling periods are also high-risk periods for various diseases and insects. At this stage, it is important to prevent anthracnose, corn borer, corn borer, sorghum borer and aphids. Anthracnose is mainly harmful to sorghum ears. If you choose hybrid varieties such as "Lunuo No. 8" with strong resistance, there is generally no anthracnose and other diseases in the planting, but effective prevention should also be done. Corn ear borer netting on the spikelets harms the young ears and grains, which will cause the withering ears and reduce the yield. The larvae of corn borer and sorghum borer damage the stalk and ear stalk of sorghum, which will cause dead seedlings and dead ears.
Physical control method: the use of "frequency vibration insecticidal lamp" for light trapping can effectively control pests such as stem borers, and can also reduce the amount of chemical pesticides, improve the quality of wine sorghum seeds, sanitation and protect the ecological environment. purpose. At the same time, the application of organophosphorus insecticides and sensitive herbicides should be avoided, and artificial weeding is appropriate to avoid phytotoxicity.
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