Editor's Note: New fertilizers include microbial fertilizers, water-soluble fertilizers, slow-release fertilizers, and bio-organic fertilizers. Its role is to provide the necessary nutrients for crops, improve soil structure, and improve fertilizer efficiency. With the increasing demand for fruit quality in the market, the role of new fertilizers in fruit production has become increasingly prominent and has been accepted by more and more fruit farmers. How to choose and apply new fertilizers in production? In this issue, we will focus on new fertilizer related knowledge and provide reference for fruit farmers' scientific fertilization.
There are many types of new fertilizers on the market. How do you apply them according to their efficacy and orchard? In this regard, Associate Professor Sun Benhua, a soil and fertilizer expert at Northwest A&F University, answered questions about the concerns of fruit farmers.
Q: There are a lot of new fertilizers on the market. What is microbial fertilizer?
Expert: Microbial fertilizers are fertilizers that contain large amounts of beneficial microorganisms. They are mainly composed of beneficial microorganisms and the matrix required for microbial life activities. It can activate phosphorus and potassium dissolving bacteria of phosphorus and potassium nutrients, antibiotics that can improve crop stress resistance, and decomposing bacteria that can promote the conversion of organic substances. Farmers' friends should pay attention to the brand in order to prevent counterfeiting; secondly, they must meet the survival conditions of microorganisms during storage and application; thirdly, it is mainly used as a “icing on the cakeâ€, and it is impossible to replace bulk organic fertilizers and fertilizers. Nutrient supply.
Q: What is a controlled release fertilizer? Can you use controlled release fertilizer in the arid regions of Northwest China?
Expert: Slow-release fertilizer is a combination of substances that are insoluble or difficult to be degraded by microorganisms and fertilizer nutrients (mainly nitrogen) or encased in fertilizers, or the fertilizer is made into large particles, so that after the fertilizer is applied to the soil, the nutrients are slowly Released. Therefore, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved and the pollution to the environment can be reduced. Commonly used in fruit trees and other high value crops. There is a lack of irrigation conditions in the arid regions of Northwest China, and often have to be fertilized at one time. It is certainly beneficial to introduce slow-release fertilizer technology or to combine common fertilizers with slow-release fertilizers.
Q: What is the role of humic acid, chelating agents, and amino acids in the foliar fertilizer on the market?
Experts: Iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and other elements are easily fixed in the soil and become substances that are difficult to be absorbed and utilized by crops. Humic acid or a chelating agent that immobilizes these metal ions so that it is not easily precipitated and fixed, thereby increasing the effectiveness of these nutrients in the micro-fertilizer and soil. Because of this, some products refer to chelating agents such as humic acid as "activators."
Q: In addition to the activation of nutrients, do these substances have nutritional value?
Experts: In addition to activating nutrients, high-molecular organic substances such as humic acid can also provide nutrients for crops, improve crop resistance and improve soil. Amino acids are components of proteins that can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops to promote the growth and development of crops.
Q: What is a “fertilizer synergist�
Expert: Fertilizer synergist is a term coined by fertilizer merchants. It may increase the nitrification inhibitor of nitrogen fertilizer utilization, and may also improve the chelation agent or humic acid of medium and trace element fertilizer. If the dosage is appropriate, the method Properly, it is good for improving fertilizer efficiency, but it can't replace fertilizer.
Q: What other issues need to be paid attention to regarding "new fertilizers"?
Experts: I hope that farmers' friends can pay attention to the following two points when purchasing "new fertilizers": First, the efficacy, nutrient content and quality inspection standards of "new fertilizers" are not as clear as ordinary fertilizers, and the cost of fertilizers is relatively high. Therefore, More attention should be paid to the prevention of counterfeit and shoddy products. The second is to ask the experts or refer to the practice of others for the "new fertilizer" that they don't know yet. If you don't have a bottom in your heart, and you want to use it, you can try it on a small piece of land.
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