Peony is a special flower and medicinal plant in China. It is hailed as the king of flowers and has always been a symbol of peace, prosperity, auspiciousness, and prosperity. She is not only rich in color, but also big in beauty and beautiful in color. She has been loved by people all over the world. She has extensive applications in medicine, health care, food, and cut flowers. In recent years, the peony has attracted more and more attention from the majority of flower growers during the spring festival in northern winter greenhouses. However, due to the limitations of geographical location, cultivation techniques and other conditions, some of them can be opened up, but the quality of flowers and the growth of plants are not satisfactory. For this reason, after many years of cultivation practices, the author gradually explored a set of peony cultivation techniques in the northern Chinese Spring Festival greenhouse. In order to be successful, Peony's Spring Festival flowering must be done in the following five levels: 1. Strictly controlling varieties Although there are many varieties of Peony, not all varieties can be used to promote flowers. Some varieties have high natural flowering rate and good flower quality. However, they are used to promote flowering. However, the flowering rate is very low or the quality of flowers is reduced, and the flower type characteristics of the original variety cannot be maintained. For example: peach yellow, green white and other varieties. Practice has proved that the varieties that are suitable for flowering are: Zhao Fen, Hu Hong, Zi Er Qiao, Zhu Sha Lei, Wu Long Xuan Sheng, Ying Hong, Rou Furong, Yin Hong Qiao Dui, Xiang Yu, Shou Xing Yu, Peach Snow, Guan Shi Mexican Jade, drunken Yang Lan, Hongmei Priming, Spring Red Glamorous, Choi Ha, No. 18, like lotus and more than 60 varieties. Second, strict control of plant age, quality and flowering rate, flower fullness, color is beautiful, have a direct relationship. Therefore, when choosing the plants, the following must be done: the plants grow strong, the branches are robust, the plant type is compact, and the distribution is uniform; the scale buds are hypertrophic, full and full, and free of pests and diseases; the plant age must be 4 to 6 years and each plant There are 6 to 8 shoots, and each shoot has 1 to 2 scale buds. Third, strict lifting of the seedlings, packaging, transportation and closing time should be based on the scheduled basin time. It is generally best to raise the seedlings about 12 to 15 days earlier than the upper pot. Too early will cause excessive water loss in the plants, affecting the recovery of the growth activity of the plants after the basin; too late will lead to insufficient drying, affect the absorption of water in the roots and branches of the upper basin, and then lead to uneven buds. After selecting the plants, first cut off the leaves and keep the petioles about 2mm to protect the flower buds. Then use a straw rope to gently bundle the branches together. Care must be taken when excavating to avoid damage to shoots and scale buds; at the same time, as much as possible to maintain the integrity of the root system and reduce root loss. After the plants have been excavated, remove the soil from the roots and place them in a suitable location for drying. The specific method is as follows: the roots of plants are facing southwards, and the heads are discharged into the east and west lines. The roots of the second line cover the branches of the first line, and so on. If the sunlight is good, it usually needs to be air-dried for 2 to 3 days. When the roots, branches and scale buds are all dehydrated and softened, they can be packed and transported. During the transportation process, the damage of scale buds should be reduced as much as possible. The commonly adopted measures are: cardboard box packing, root outwards, branches inwards, and layer-by-layer discharge, so as to be rigorously enriched. Fourth, strictly control the pot on the specific basin time can be determined as needed. The size of the pot depends on the size of the plant. Generally, the soil basin, ceramic basin, and plastic basin with a height of 25 cm and a diameter of 30 cm can be used. Basin soil requires heat preservation, moisture retention, water permeability, and good ventilation. Usually, slag, garden soil, and rot-blade soil are uniformly mixed; loose hair, vermiculite, sawdust, etc. can also be used, but the prepared nutrient solution must be poured to ensure its nutrient supply. Demand. In addition, the method of basin is also very important. Before potting, use carbendazim and love to soak the peony root, then place it in the cool place and put it on the pot. The preparation of the solution is generally: more than one pack per 100 kg of water, plus carbendazim 6-8 caps. When putting on the pot, first divide the roots of the plants into two, take one of the two hands and place them in the pot; then rotate in the same direction, coil on the pelvic floor, add soil, compaction, so that the root system and the soil close contact. After planting, the pots will be discharged according to 4 pots and 1 row. The specific number of pots per row can be flexibly controlled according to the size of the site. The distance between the jaws is generally maintained at 80 to 100 cm to facilitate future operation and management. V. Strictly managing management is the most important and difficult point in the entire process. With proper management measures, the plants are robust and full bloom; otherwise, abortion will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically and scientifically manage management based on a detailed understanding of the natural growth habits of peony. (a) The initial management of the basin for 2 to 3 days, must ensure that 2 to 3 times a day, large water, and at the same time ensure that 6 to 7 times a day, spray water on the branches, and meet the growing activity of the recovery of the water demand. At the same time, the baling rope should be cut to restore it as soon as possible. Spray water 4 to 6 times a day to keep scale buds and branches moist. Indoor temperature should be controlled according to its natural growth habits, from low to high, should not flicker. The early temperature generally maintains 10°C to 14°C during the day and 6°C to 8°C during the night. After 7 days, it enters the "Mosquito Tsui Period". During the day, the temperature stays at 14°C～16°C, and the nighttime is 10°C～12°C. Generally, it can enter 15°C. Bud period." This time is mainly to promote the development of buds, so to maintain the supply of water needed for the roots and woody stems. When the buds just outcrop, the number of watering can be appropriately reduced. At this time, the water spray can only spray water on the wooden stems to prevent the water in the buds from decaying. At the same time, the stem tips, axillary buds, and budless shoots in the upper part of the flower buds were cut in time to reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption. In addition, there must be sufficient light to increase the erectness of the stalks, so that the peach is full and bright. (B) After the medium-term management of buds, the room temperature should be properly increased, maintained at 16 °C ~ 18 °C during the day, 12 °C ~ 14 °C at night, so it takes about 20d to enter the "bud period." During this period, the buds are more tender and weak, and they are very sensitive to changes in the temperature. The temperature will be high and low, which will lead to abortion. Therefore, the indoor temperature must remain relatively stable. After 26 to 28 days, the plants entered the "leaflet period." In order to promote leaf growth, the daytime temperature can be increased to 18 °C ~ 20 °C, night 14 °C ~ 16 °C. At this time can be appropriately open the ventilation of the skylight, enhance the plant's resistance to stress. Do not ventilate the windows under the greenhouse to avoid cold air attacking the plants and forcing the buds to stop developing. At the same time, the foliar spray can be properly applied, usually KH2PO4 + CO (NH2) 2, usually 7 ~ 10dl times. 34 ~ 36d, enter the "Ping Lei period." After the previous exercise, the buds' resilience is gradually enhanced, as long as there is no excessive temperature difference, it will not have adverse effects on them. Therefore, at this time, the indoor temperature should be flexibly adjusted according to the predetermined flowering period. During the day, it is generally kept between 20°C and 22°C, and at night between 16°C and 18°C. This time due to the high temperature and humidity in the room, it can easily occur and spread diseases. Spraying 10% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500 times has obvious effect. (C) The latter stage of management is usually 40 to 42 days to enter the "opening period." That is to say, the sepals are cracked and the petals are seen, which can be opened within 2 to 3 days. At this time, it will be adjusted according to the quantity and time needed to make it open within a predetermined time to meet the market's needs. If opened early can be moved to a cold room at 2 °C ~ 4 °C, shading throughout the day, the number of sprays per day to reduce to 1 or 2 times; if not timely, you need to continue heating, combined with 50010-6 Gibberellin spread buds, 2dl ​​times, promoting its early flowering. In addition, in order to prolong the flowering period, it should be placed in a cool place with scattered light or no sunlight, making it slowly open, and the amount of watering and spraying water in the basin should also be reduced. It is worth noting that the water should not be sprayed on the flower buds, or the petal is susceptible to mildew. China Agricultural Network Editor
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