Pollution-free grapevine cultivation management technology

1. The selection of wine grape seedlings in the garden is more adaptable to the soil, but the most suitable for growth is rich in inorganic, loose and fertile, neutral sandy loam and loam.
The mountainous lands will be built on sunset slopes with a slope of no more than 25 degrees and terraces above 10 degrees.
Regardless of mountains and plains, it is necessary to have good drainage and irrigation conditions, and the dark water level should be less than 1 meter. Avoid low-lying, accumulating and saline-alkali. The altitude is determined to build a park around 5 meters.
2, site planning and design
(1) The direction of planting and the type of wine grapes that are planted are good to the north and south of the flat land. The purpose of the mountain is to use the hedgerows for planting.
(2) The row spacing must be planted with a spacing of 2.5 meters, a plant spacing of 0.5 meters - 0.55 meters, and 7500 plants - 7950 plants per plant (500 plants per mu - 530 plants).
(3) The roads and protective forests have a large area of ​​vineyards, and the main road is established, with a width of 6m to 7m, and the entire park can be combined. Community building branch, 3 meters wide. Field school road, 2 meters wide. The schedule should be designed to facilitate fieldwork.
The grape seedling gardens are small or scattered, with only fieldwork paths.
The protective forest in the vineyard area determines poplar, eucalyptus, and amorpha, etc.
(4) The planning of drainage and irrigation of vineyards in irrigation and drainage channels must be dispersed with the road. On the side of the journey, a three-stage water injection system for watering the main, branch and furrow (planting ditch) is provided. The main methods are canal irrigation, drip irrigation, pipe irrigation and other methods. Digging trenches on the other side of the road (main road), especially in locations with high groundwater level and low lying, the drainage system is not necessarily sluggish, the plains are best connected with the river, and the mountain is connected with the pond or reservoir for drought. When used for watering.
(5) Houses and workshops establish a house and a job site at the center of the vineyard and facilitate the transportation to facilitate fieldwork.
3, site preparation before planting
(1) Before the site preparation and soil improvement and planting, use a rotary cultivator to deepen the site, remove the debris, and flatten the land. Deep plowing in the mountains, deeper than 60 cm of living soil layer, organic fertilizer added; plains to build a park to determine the slope or flat ground. Pay attention to soil and water conservation and soil improvement. The sandy land must be mixed with clay, loam, and organic fertilizer. The clay soil must be blended with sandy soil and organic fertilizer to improve the soil.
(2) Digging and planting trenches will be digging and planting trenches, digging one every 2.5 meters. The depth and width of the ditch should reach 60 cm - 100 cm. When digging trenches, the topsoil and heart and soil are separated and separated.
(3) Fertilizer and custom soil will be applied to 3-5 cubic meters of superior farmyard fertilizer every 666.7 square meters. The type of fertilizer is human waste, circulatory fertilizer or livestock manure, which is used after decomposing. In order to improve the structure of the soil and increase the organic matter, as many straw straws as possible are filled in the ditch. Every 666.7 square meters of diammonium phosphate or potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 15 kg -25 kg do base fertilizer. Sand fertility for fertile soil, clay and more mixed with sand.
(4) Soil and fertilizer backfill will mix topsoil and straw into the bottom of the trench. The destroyed straw, manure and topsoil will be evenly mixed into the middle part of the ditch. When backfilled to a level of 15 cm to 20 cm from the ground, it may be Fertilizer is spread in the trenches, and the top soil covered with 20 cm below is evened in the air.
(5) After irrigating the water and covering the mulching film to form the ditch, after the backfilling is completed, the soil screeds on both sides of the ditch will be well-watered, and the slush will be poured. After planting, the surface of the planting groove should be 10 cm lower than the original level. The herbicide should be sprayed on the planting ditch before the film is covered. The type of leucine is often used, and the pure aerial product of the planting ditch is used to indicate the strictly controlled operation dose. After the planting, it was covered with a plastic film on the planting trench to increase the temperature and protect the soil. Masked mulching film was expelled from late June to early July.

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