1. Downy mildew
Symptoms: There are yellow-green lesions on the front of the leaves, water-soaked spots on the leaf margins and on the back of the leaves. The lesions are limited to the polygonal chloasma by the veins; on the back of the leaf, there is a dark gray moldy layer on the back of the leaf, and the diseased leaves form a yellow-dried leaf on the latter. Easy to break.
Prevention and control measures: First, strengthen field management to prevent high humidity; second, soilless seedlings or soil disinfection; third, high-temperature stuffy shed or smoke dust, such as 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 8-10 hours; Is to improve disease resistance: foliar spraying of 0.16% urea or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% sugar water; Fifth, the disease can be used when high temperature stuffy shed law: According to the weather forecast, choose to continue for more than 2 days On sunny days, at the noon of the first day, the main vine growing point was dropped to prevent the roasted injury. Then it was watered. The next day, the shed was 10 o'clock. The temperature in the shed reached 45-46°C (too much sunshade), and gradually released after 90 minutes. Cool down and finally control at 25-28 °C. This will not only kill the downy mildew but also control the melon and protect the melon. Sixth, at the beginning of the disease, it can spray 75% of bacteriostatic wettable powder 500 times and 600 times of 64% antivirus WP.
2. Fusarium wilt
The main symptoms: mostly on the stems and leaves after the flowering results, the diseased leaves were dehydration-like, wilting drooping, one or part of the leaves of the plant first onset, and gradually spread to the leaves of the whole plant. The base of the diseased stem is longitudinally divided and the vascular bundle of the stem becomes brown. When wet, the surface of the diseased area has white or pink moldy material and there is overflow of amber gelatine.
Prevention and control measures: First, the implementation of five years of rotation; Second, promote soilless seedlings or bed soil disinfection, 8 grams of 50% carbendazim WP / m2; Third, strengthen field management to prevent high humidity; Fourth, grafted Change roots (with black seed pumpkin as rootstock) to prevent disease. Fifth, at the beginning of the disease, 50% thiophanate-methyl WP or 600 mg/strain should be used to irrigate the roots at the beginning of the disease, once every /8-10 days for a total of 3 times.
3, root knot nematode disease
After the cucumber was killed, the symptoms of light plants on the ground were not obvious, and those with severe growth were slow, the plants were relatively short, malnutrition, the veins did not stretch, they became curved and the melons were small and small. Plants are wilting at high temperatures and return to normal sooner or later or after watering. As the disease progresses, it cannot return to normal until the plants die.
Pulling out the roots, you can see that there are many different large and small tumors on the lateral roots and fibrous roots, also known as root knots. It is generally white at the beginning and grows light brown afterwards. It is arranged in clusters and is dense when severe. Cut open the root knot, the disease organization has a small milky white nematode buried inside.
Control methods: First, seedling-free seedling cultivation: Daejeon disease-free soil selection. The second is to scrub the used tools such as shovels, melon shovels, etc., and the shoes worn by the sick to prevent the spread of infection. The third is chemical control: before sowing or transplanting, the use of phoxim, merrol, thiocarbamate, diazinon and other nematicidal drugs spread all over the field. After planting, avermectins or chlorpyrifos were used to irrigate the roots. 0.5 liters per plant, irrigation with 2-3 times can control the hazards.
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