Autumn is the harvest season for crops and the golden season for silage. A large amount of corn stalks are about to be harvested, providing ample source of raw materials for silage. However, in the autumn, the farm work is busy, autumn harvest and autumn seedlings are still to be silage, so it must be fully prepared to ensure the success of silage. (a) Build a silo. The silo is the most common silage equipment currently used in rural areas. Attention should be paid to the following: (1) Choose a hard-edged soil, high dry terrain, low groundwater level, and close to the building of the livestock house. (2) According to the local water level conditions, choose the construction method, aboveground, semi-underground or fully underground, but the bottom should be at least 0.5 meters above the groundwater level. (3) Rectangular, square and round cellars are acceptable, but the four corners of the square cellar should be made into a semi-circular shape. The cellar wall should be smooth and flat and have a certain gradient. It should be large and small for easy compaction. There must also be a certain slope at one end of the pit to facilitate material transportation and access. (4) The width and depth of building specifications are generally about 3 meters, and should not be too wide or too deep. The length can be determined according to the number of livestock. (5) The ramping and painting work must be completed before the silage for about 10 days to ensure that the cement silo is dry during silage. (b) Prepare the rake. The success of silage is closely related to the quality and production efficiency of the rake. The quality of rakes is not enough, but the cutting length or breakage rate can't reach the performance index. When the work fails, it will prolong the silage time and affect the silage effect. On the other hand, it is required to purchase a mulch matching the volume of the silo. The cutting speed of the rake must be guaranteed to be fully loaded within 2 days. According to 1 cubic meter can be stored 500 kilograms of straw to plan, 100 cubic meters below the silo should choose 2-2.5 tons / hour mower; 100--200 cubic meters of silos should choose 4 tons / hour Mowers; silages above 200 cubic meters should be equipped with at least 6 tons/hour mower or one cellar. (3) Ready for straw storage and transportation. Silage consumes more straw, and a 100 cubic meter silage consumes nearly 3.3 hectares of corn stalks. When the cellar is relatively concentrated and the amount of silage is large, it must be contacted in advance to ensure adequate straw resources. The time for silage is tight and the task is heavy. It is necessary to transport straw, but also earnestly and practically. It is not a work that three or two people can accomplish. It can hire laborers and can also help relatives and friends to help. It is also necessary to investigate in advance whether the straw transportation roads are open and there is no guarantee of power supply. (D) master the silage technology. One must harvest in time and deliver it quickly. Generally, when the ear of corn is mature and only the lower part of the corn stalk is 1-2 yellow, the silage should be harvested immediately. There is much rain in the fall, and you should pay attention to watching the weather forecast and do a good job of catching up. Two must be chopped. The length of cutting of corn stalks is generally required to be 2–3 cm. It is not easy to step on long and it is not good for ruminal digestion of livestock. Third, fill in fashion. Before filling, the bottom layer can be covered with some hay to absorb the juice oozing out from the straw silage process. Generally, every step is 15--20 cm thick to carry out the stepping, one layer is placed on the floor, and the four corners and the cellar wall should be especially noticed. The better, the large cellar can be mechanically compacted. Fourth, it must be sealed tightly. Fill up to 60 centimeters above the cellar, and after full compaction, cap immediately. When capping, first cover 20 cm thick hay (wheat straw) or cover plastic film, then cover the soil 30--50 centimeters to make solid, so as to facilitate drainage. After silage is over, it must be checked frequently to prevent water leakage and air permeability. When there are cracks, it must be promptly filled. Green corn stalks that are harvested at a proper time generally do not need any additional substances to complete the fermentation process. However, in order to improve the quality of silage, some substances may also be added as appropriate. One is to add urea, generally adding 5 kg per ton of silage; the other is adding salt, in the case of silage raw materials with low water content, rough texture, 2--5 kg ​​of salt per ton of silage can be added. (five) rational use of silage. Under normal circumstances, the silage can be fermented after 30-45 days of storage and can be taken. The quality of silage is good or bad, can not feed, can be judged from the three aspects of smell, color, touch. The generally good-quality silage has an acid scent that is greenish green or yellow-green and feels loose on the hand and is soft and slightly moist. When feeding, attention should be paid to: 1. Retrieval should start from the corner, from top to bottom, take the dosage to meet the day's feed intake, how much to take to ensure that the silage is fresh, still pay attention to sealing after taking. 2. When the feeding is started, the animal does not like to eat. You can feed the cows and sheep before they are fed with silage. When you are hungry, you can feed them again. You can also sprinkle some fodder on the silage to make them adapt to their smell. 3. The amount of feeding should be increased from less to more, and gradually increase. In general, each cow feeds up to 20 kilograms per day and the sheep has 3- to 5 kilograms per day. 4. Can not feed silage alone, should be fed with pasture or other hay. 5. If silage freezes in winter, it should be melted before feeding. China Agricultural Network Editor