Fetal neural tube defects occur within the first 28 days of pregnancy. At this time, most expectant mothers are unaware that they are pregnant. Therefore, they face the risk of deficiency of folic acid and endanger their babies.
During the fetal period, the earliest development of the brain is also the fastest; early pregnancy (3 to 6 weeks) is the critical period for the growth and development of the fetal central nervous system. At the 4th week of pregnancy, the embryo formed the original brain vesicle. Although the fetus was only about 3 cm in length at 8 weeks, the body weight only increased by more than 2 grams, but this time his brain cells proliferated rapidly and were most vulnerable to teratogenic factors. Impact. If you add folic acid at this critical time, you can reduce the risk of fetal neural tube by 50% to 70%.
The best time for folic acid supplement is three months before pregnancy and three months after pregnancy. That is, when the sperm and egg are combined, it is the axis for three months before and after, for a total of six months. Emphasis on starting to take before pregnancy, the purpose is to maintain the body's folic acid at a certain level to ensure that the embryo has a good folic acid early nutritional status.
According to the study, women must take folic acid for 4 weeks before the state of folate deficiency can be corrected. In this critical period of early fetal neural tube formation in early pregnancy, enough folic acid to meet the needs of the development of the nervous system, but also insist on taking in the first three months after pregnancy can play the best preventive effect.
A deficiency of folic acid during early pregnancy can lead to fetal malformations. For example, in China, the incidence of neural tube defects is about 3,8 ,, including no brain children, spina bifida and so on. In addition, early spontaneous abortion can also occur. By the second trimester and third trimester, in addition to fetal growth and development, maternal blood volume, breast, and placental development have increased the need for folic acid.
Insufficient folic acid, pregnant women prone to placental abruption, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, megaloblastic anemia; fetal prone to intrauterine growth retardation, premature delivery and low birth weight, and such a fetus after birth growth and intellectual development will be subject to influences.
During the second and third trimesters, your baby's DNA synthesis, placenta, maternal tissue, and red blood cells increase the amount of folate you need. Therefore, even if the baby's nervous system has been developed in the early stages of pregnancy, the lack of folic acid during the second and third trimester still causes megaloblastic anemia, preeclampsia, and placental abruption.
Therefore, timely and timely intake of folic acid, whether it is for the fetus or adults have a good preventive effect.
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