As the saying goes, “The seedlings are good for 50% income.†Cultivating strong seedlings is extremely important for obtaining high yields of the Chaotian peppers. The use of small seedlings on the bed of the land is used to raise seedlings, which has the characteristics of low cost, large number of seedlings, flexible transplanting time, and high survival rate. The main points of this seedling technique are described below.
First, choose a good species
Select high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistant pests, wide adaptability and good commercial varieties. At present, the main varieties of Chaotian pepper are: Japanese Chaotianjiao, Tianyingjiao, Sanjiaojiao F8, Tianyu series, and Tianlong F1.
Second, prepare the seedbed
Choose a land with fertile soil, good drainage, and no solanaceous vegetables such as peppers. The seedbed is 1 to 1.2 meters wide and 10 to 15 meters long. The total area of ​​the seedbed is determined by the planting area of ​​the field. Generally, the planting area per mu is 10 square meters. A layer of fully cooked organic fertilizer and ternary compound fertilizer is applied before turning the ground. Generally, 50 kg of organic fertilizer is applied per 10 square meters of seedbed, 1.5 to 2 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 0.5 kg of urea, and 20 to 25 cm of deep soil. After the flat.
Third, seed processing
The seedling age of Chaotian pepper is about 60 days. It is generally planted from late February to early March. Transplanting is started at the beginning of May. Generally, 150 grams of seeds are needed for every mu of cultivated field. If the seed has seed coating, sow the seed before sowing and spread it for drying 1 to 2 days after sowing; if the seed does not have seed coating, soak it in warm water at 50°C for 3 to 4 hours and remove it 300 times as much as formalin. Soak the seeds in liquid for 15 minutes or soak them with 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 20-30 minutes. Wash the liquid thoroughly after the seeds are sterilized, then soak in water for 5-6 hours to ensure that the seeds absorb enough water.
Fourth, fine sowing
One day before planting, sow the bottom of the plant on a seedbed. The surface of the water is more than 10 cm above the surface of the vegetable, and the seeds are sown after the next day. When sowing seeds, the seeds are first stirred with sand, spread evenly on the surface of the mulberry, covered with 2-3 mm thick fine soil, and then sprayed on the fine soil to cover the white plastic mulch, and finally set up a small shed and Button film temperature. In general, two small trees with 4 meters of bamboo are used together to form a small shed. The bamboo spacing is 1 meter.
V. Seedling management
1. Temperature and humidity control. Before emergence, it is mainly to prevent membrane breakage, regularly remove dust outside the membrane, increase light, and protect the temperature inside the greenhouse. The daytime temperature is controlled between 20°C and 28°C, and the night temperature is controlled between 10°C and 15°C. About 10 days after sowing can be seedlings, should pay attention to observation, when the seedlings unearthed more than 1/2, timely removal of plastic film, so as not to cause burning seedlings. When the temperature is high at noon, the air is released and discharged, and the air outlet is gradually increased from small to large. It is necessary to prevent seedlings from growing too long and avoid sprouting. After emergence, during the daytime, the temperature in the shed is controlled between 25°C and 30°C. If the temperature exceeds 32°C, the temperature should be lowered in time and the temperature in the shed at night should be controlled between 15°C and 20°C.
2. Seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 3 to 4 true leaves, the young plants are placed in a spacing of 2.5 to 3.5 cm.
3. Pest control. Diseases at the seedling stage mainly include damping-off and blight, and insect pests have underground pests and aphids. The disease can be sprayed with 77.2% Precise (feroxcarbine hydrochloride) 800 times, and 50% thiram WP 800 times. Aphids can spread virus disease, and should be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid 2000 times for prevention and treatment. Underground pests can sow 50 grams of 3% phoxim granules per 10 square meters at the time of sowing, or use 90% trichlorfon 1000 times to irrigate the roots at the seedling stage.
4. Water and fertilizer management. Seedlings unearthed about 30 days, pay attention to water and fertilizer management, if the bottom of the seedbed is good, the seedling stage generally do not have to water. When it is found that the soil is dry, the growth of the seedlings is weak, and the color of the leaves is light, the water should be promptly filled and the fertilizer should be supplemented.
5. Harden seedlings and seedlings. 10 to 15 days before transplanting, it is necessary to carry out the hardening of seedlings, seedlings, control of fertilizer and water, increase the amount of air release, until the lifting of the film, remove the arch bracket.
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