Because of its cold tolerance, drought tolerance, and inferiority, oil peony is planted, saves labor, saves time, and has low investment. It does not need much management after planting, and has high yield, high oil yield, good oil quality, and can also be returned to farmland. The combination of forestry projects to prevent soil erosion and prevent soil desertification has good ecological benefits and is therefore favored by farmers. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:
1. Lot selection. Oil peony is a fleshy root plant. It should choose sandy land with high dryness, easy drainage and sunny sun. Avoid sticky weight, saline-alkali, low-lying land, soil pH value 6.5-7.5, and have certain irrigation and drainage conditions.
2. Site preparation. The soil is turned 30 to 40 cm deep, 1000 kg of farmyard manure is applied, 50 kg of compound fertilizer and 10-15 kg of phoxim particles are added, and the crucible is finely flattened; 8-10 kg of phoxim granules and 4~ are simultaneously applied. 5 kg of carbendazim as a soil insecticide and fungicide, can be doubled when the disease of the former crop is serious.
3. Seedling treatment. Generally choose 2 to 3 years old "Feng Dan" seedlings. 1 year old seedlings are too small, the survival rate is low, waste of land; 4 to 5 years old seedlings are too large, the cost is high, need to slow seedlings for 1 year; 2 to 3 years of seedlings are the most economical. Soak for 15 to 20 minutes with 800 times of thiram solution and dry to be planted. Before planting, cut the too thin and too long tail roots, and the roots should be stretched after planting.
4. Planting techniques. The oil peony field is planted in the autumn, and the best time is from early September to early October. There are generally three planting densities: one is a line spacing of 40 cm and 50 cm. Second, the plant spacing is 20 cm and 50 cm. One plant can be removed every 1-2 years. It can be used as a grafted peony grafted seedling or planted separately, or it can be removed. It can reach high yield 1 to 2 years in advance. Third, the row spacing is 20 cm 25 cm (or 15 cm 30 cm). One line can be removed one by one every 1-2 years. In the third year, one plant can be removed by one plant. The line spacing is 20 cm and 25 cm. High yields may not be removed). When planting, insert the iron shovel into the ground, open the gap and put the peony seedlings out, pull out the iron shovel, lift the saplings upwards, make the roots and necks slightly lower than the ground 1~2 cm, step on the ground, make the roots close, and then use the soil after planting. The planting hole is sealed into a bandit 10 to 20 cm high to help the seedlings to prevent cold and winter. Plant spacing 20 cm 50 cm and 20 cm 25 cm (or 15 cm 30 cm) can be sealed by line, the 2-year seedling planting depth is generally 25 ~ 35 cm, the root can be cut off a part of the root to plant the root No curling shall prevail.
5. Field management. Before oil peony flowering and seeding, field weeding is the most important work in daily life. It should be deep before flowering (depth of 3 to 5 cm), and shallow after flowering (depth of 1 to 3 cm). In the first year after planting, it is generally not topdressed. In the year of excessive drought, it can be properly watered once. The leaves are removed before winter and the winter is cultivated at the base. 2 to 3 years old oil peony should be planted in the fourth or fifth year after planting, one plant per plant, and combined with fertilization, the new seedlings can be planted new land, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied before flowering.
6. Seed harvesting. The maturity of seeds varies from region to region. The Hebei region generally matures from late July to early August. The seed harvesting time for seedlings is harvested when the capsules are ripe banana skin yellow. The harvest is too early, the seeds are immature; too late, the fruit pods are cracked and the seeds fall, and the seed coat becomes black and hard. The harvested fruit pods are placed in a cool, ventilated room, and the fruit pods are cracked by themselves 10 to 15 days.
7. Pest control. 1 leaf spot disease. It mainly harms stems and leaves, and invades through wounds and natural mouths. It is the peak period from mid-June to late July. Control leaf spot disease can choose 50% carbendazim, 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times liquid, mixed with foliar fertilization. Control at least 4 times a year, spray carbendazim once in the first half of February, and spray carbendazim and thiophanate at intervals of 10 to 15 days from April to May. 2 root rots. The rate of diseased plants in the old peony garden is more than 30%, and the rate of new garden disease is about 15%. Generally, the soil is sticky, the terrain is low, and the land that is not easy to drain is seriously affected. 3 blight. It appears in the new nursery field, and the symptoms of decay and other symptoms appear in the roots and necks of the seedlings. When the damage is serious, the roots become black and rot, the plants are wilting and dead, but they do not fall. It can be sprayed alternately with 50% Fumei double wettable powder 500 times solution and 30% methylation carbaryl 1000 times liquid. The prevention time is generally from late March to early April. 4 pests. Generally, it is mainly controlled by underground pests, such as golden worms, crickets, and tigers. Generally, it is treated with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times or 40% methyl isoflavone 500 times solution.
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