The breeding of young shrimps is the foundation of the culture of shrimp. To promote the development of the shrimp farming industry in Suzhou, the city of Suzhou conducted trials and popularization of the techniques for the propagation of young shrimps, and summarized a more mature technology for the breeding of young shrimps, which is widely used. In production, in 1999, the shrimp breeding area of ​​12815.5 acres, a total of 5792120 tails of shrimp production, a total of 466,000 mu of seedlings have been produced, has made remarkable achievements, now the main technology is introduced as follows:
First, pond preparation
1. Nursery pond condition area with 1 ~ 10 acres is appropriate, 3 ~ 5 acres of the best, water depth of 1.5 meters; the bottom flat, the soil with loam is better; beach feet 3 to 4 meters, the pool is not leaking water, can water Conserve fertilizer; irrigation drainage system is separated, there is a good and adequate water supply.
2. Nursery pond clearing 1 Snapping up the shrimp before the pond, drain the pool water, so that the bottom of the pool is exposed to sunlight for more than 10 days, and the bottom of the pool is hard and not cracked, in order to accelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter, increase soil fertility, and kill Pests. 2 Excavate excess silt. The silt thickness in the bottom of the tank is generally controlled to be about 20 cm, the bottom of the tank is leveled, and the tank bores and drain outlets are repaired at the same time. The pool loopholes and cracks are plugged and repaired, and weeds are removed from the poolside and pool. 3 Install a 40-mesh filter mesh at the inlet and outlet ports to prevent the escape of shrimp seedlings and the entry of predator organisms.
3. Nursery pond disinfection In the 7 to 10 days before the release of the egg shrimp, 70-100 kg of lime per acre is used to sprinkling the whole pool and dry disinfected.
Second, hold eggs shrimp stocking
1. The determination of stocking time According to the seedling stocking time to determine the nursery time, generally held in the middle and late May to early June hold the egg shrimp.
2. Selection of egg-bearing shrimps Wild-picking shrimps are collected from natural waters such as lakes, and females that were captured on that day are robust, undamaged, have a size of 5 cm or more, and have a light green or gray-brown color. The color of the fertilized egg of the shrimp is deep, indicating that the egg production time is not long, the fertilized egg is firmly connected and is not easy to separate; the color of the fertilized egg is very light, except that the yolk part is pale yellow and the pair of compound eyes is black and the rest is almost transparent and colorless. Show that the egg will be hatched, the egg is separated, easy to drop eggs; light green or gray-brown fertilized eggs are generally more than 10 days after spawning, there is a certain degree of connection between the eggs, choose this kind of egg holding shrimp, hatching time is short, The feeding time can be reduced, the production cost can be saved, and at the same time, it will not cause a large number of eggs to be lost during the operation and can increase the yield of the shrimp seedlings. The egg-bearing shrimps are transported in the morning with a live water boat or an aeration apparatus.
3. The release of the egg-holding shrimp After clear pond water has disappeared, add water to a depth of 0.7 to 0.8 meters and put 4 to 5 kg of egg-bearing shrimp in the mu. After raising eggs, when the water temperature reaches 14°C or above, feeds such as pellet feed, bean cake, wheat bran and mixed fish, snails, etc. should be fed; micro-fluid water is rushed every morning, and the diet of broodstock is inspected every day. Shrimp activity and development of fertilized eggs. Generally, about 10 days after the shrimp is introduced into the pond (the length of time is related to the maturity, weather, and water temperature), the larvae are hatched. After hatching all the fertilized eggs of the broodstock, cages and other tools can be used to catch and list the broodstock.
Third, shrimp cultivation
1. In order to make the larvae of shrimps eat enough palatable foods, they should choose to fertilize the eggs one week after they are stocked, fertilize eggs become grayish brown, and fertilize when eye spots appear. Mushi chicken and pig manure After the fermentation of organic fertilizer 250 to 300 kg. Throughout the nursery stage, fertilizers should also be top-dressed in a timely manner. If it is found that there is blue mud or thin pool water in the pool water, each acre can be topped with 4 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and superphosphate. Generally, every application of fertilizer should add about 15 centimeters of clear water to maintain a certain amount of water, so as to ensure that the young larvae of the green prawn have sufficient food supply.
2. Feeding diets Young larvae feed mainly on zooplankton. In addition to fertilization, young larvae of green prawns were started to feed yellow soy milk 3 days after hatching. Each day they were shot on the afternoon and afternoon, and the whole pool was splashed. 0.5 kg of soybeans per acre was used every day, and then gradually increased to 1 kg; Around the week, when the shrimps became metamorphosed, turned to benthic life, and became omnivorous, they gradually added feeds such as wheat flour, small-sized fish gizzards, fish meal, and silkworm cocoons, and feeds for crushing or granular feeds, plant-based feeds and animals. The feed was formulated and fed at a ratio of 3:1. Gradually, the beach feet are mainly cast around the pond, and some rice bran can be cast in the middle of the pond. In general, 10,000 shrimp seedlings of 1.5 to 2 cm each need 2 kg of feed.
3. Water Quality Management The water quality management of the shrimp breeding period is mainly to ensure that there are rich food organisms and sufficient dissolved oxygen. The water transparency of the pool is required to be 30-40 cm, and the dissolved oxygen is more than 4 mg/l. Generally, the water is added every 3 to 5 days, each time the amount of water is 5 to 10 cm; and every 10 days or so, the lime is used for the depth of water per mu. Five to eight kilograms of water is splashed on the whole pool to regulate water quality and prevent diseases.
Fourth, shrimp fishing usually takes about 45 days to cultivate, shrimp specifications can reach 1.5 to 2 cm, at this time can be transferred from the shrimp into shrimp breeding or sales. When catching shrimp, we must first clear the weeds and floating objects around the pond, lower the water level, and avoid the shelling period. We will use nets to capture and put them into the pre-prepared cages for sale. The entire process must adhere to the operation with water to prevent damage to the shrimp.
First, pond preparation
1. Nursery pond condition area with 1 ~ 10 acres is appropriate, 3 ~ 5 acres of the best, water depth of 1.5 meters; the bottom flat, the soil with loam is better; beach feet 3 to 4 meters, the pool is not leaking water, can water Conserve fertilizer; irrigation drainage system is separated, there is a good and adequate water supply.
2. Nursery pond clearing 1 Snapping up the shrimp before the pond, drain the pool water, so that the bottom of the pool is exposed to sunlight for more than 10 days, and the bottom of the pool is hard and not cracked, in order to accelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter, increase soil fertility, and kill Pests. 2 Excavate excess silt. The silt thickness in the bottom of the tank is generally controlled to be about 20 cm, the bottom of the tank is leveled, and the tank bores and drain outlets are repaired at the same time. The pool loopholes and cracks are plugged and repaired, and weeds are removed from the poolside and pool. 3 Install a 40-mesh filter mesh at the inlet and outlet ports to prevent the escape of shrimp seedlings and the entry of predator organisms.
3. Nursery pond disinfection In the 7 to 10 days before the release of the egg shrimp, 70-100 kg of lime per acre is used to sprinkling the whole pool and dry disinfected.
Second, hold eggs shrimp stocking
1. The determination of stocking time According to the seedling stocking time to determine the nursery time, generally held in the middle and late May to early June hold the egg shrimp.
2. Selection of egg-bearing shrimps Wild-picking shrimps are collected from natural waters such as lakes, and females that were captured on that day are robust, undamaged, have a size of 5 cm or more, and have a light green or gray-brown color. The color of the fertilized egg of the shrimp is deep, indicating that the egg production time is not long, the fertilized egg is firmly connected and is not easy to separate; the color of the fertilized egg is very light, except that the yolk part is pale yellow and the pair of compound eyes is black and the rest is almost transparent and colorless. Show that the egg will be hatched, the egg is separated, easy to drop eggs; light green or gray-brown fertilized eggs are generally more than 10 days after spawning, there is a certain degree of connection between the eggs, choose this kind of egg holding shrimp, hatching time is short, The feeding time can be reduced, the production cost can be saved, and at the same time, it will not cause a large number of eggs to be lost during the operation and can increase the yield of the shrimp seedlings. The egg-bearing shrimps are transported in the morning with a live water boat or an aeration apparatus.
3. The release of the egg-holding shrimp After clear pond water has disappeared, add water to a depth of 0.7 to 0.8 meters and put 4 to 5 kg of egg-bearing shrimp in the mu. After raising eggs, when the water temperature reaches 14°C or above, feeds such as pellet feed, bean cake, wheat bran and mixed fish, snails, etc. should be fed; micro-fluid water is rushed every morning, and the diet of broodstock is inspected every day. Shrimp activity and development of fertilized eggs. Generally, about 10 days after the shrimp is introduced into the pond (the length of time is related to the maturity, weather, and water temperature), the larvae are hatched. After hatching all the fertilized eggs of the broodstock, cages and other tools can be used to catch and list the broodstock.
Third, shrimp cultivation
1. In order to make the larvae of shrimps eat enough palatable foods, they should choose to fertilize the eggs one week after they are stocked, fertilize eggs become grayish brown, and fertilize when eye spots appear. Mushi chicken and pig manure After the fermentation of organic fertilizer 250 to 300 kg. Throughout the nursery stage, fertilizers should also be top-dressed in a timely manner. If it is found that there is blue mud or thin pool water in the pool water, each acre can be topped with 4 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and superphosphate. Generally, every application of fertilizer should add about 15 centimeters of clear water to maintain a certain amount of water, so as to ensure that the young larvae of the green prawn have sufficient food supply.
2. Feeding diets Young larvae feed mainly on zooplankton. In addition to fertilization, young larvae of green prawns were started to feed yellow soy milk 3 days after hatching. Each day they were shot on the afternoon and afternoon, and the whole pool was splashed. 0.5 kg of soybeans per acre was used every day, and then gradually increased to 1 kg; Around the week, when the shrimps became metamorphosed, turned to benthic life, and became omnivorous, they gradually added feeds such as wheat flour, small-sized fish gizzards, fish meal, and silkworm cocoons, and feeds for crushing or granular feeds, plant-based feeds and animals. The feed was formulated and fed at a ratio of 3:1. Gradually, the beach feet are mainly cast around the pond, and some rice bran can be cast in the middle of the pond. In general, 10,000 shrimp seedlings of 1.5 to 2 cm each need 2 kg of feed.
3. Water Quality Management The water quality management of the shrimp breeding period is mainly to ensure that there are rich food organisms and sufficient dissolved oxygen. The water transparency of the pool is required to be 30-40 cm, and the dissolved oxygen is more than 4 mg/l. Generally, the water is added every 3 to 5 days, each time the amount of water is 5 to 10 cm; and every 10 days or so, the lime is used for the depth of water per mu. Five to eight kilograms of water is splashed on the whole pool to regulate water quality and prevent diseases.
Fourth, shrimp fishing usually takes about 45 days to cultivate, shrimp specifications can reach 1.5 to 2 cm, at this time can be transferred from the shrimp into shrimp breeding or sales. When catching shrimp, we must first clear the weeds and floating objects around the pond, lower the water level, and avoid the shelling period. We will use nets to capture and put them into the pre-prepared cages for sale. The entire process must adhere to the operation with water to prevent damage to the shrimp.
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