Some agricultural machinery operators do not understand the mechanical principles, and there are many wrong practices in the use and maintenance, resulting in mechanical failure, reducing economic efficiency, shortening the service life of the machine, and even causing major agricultural accidents. The wrong practices for the use and maintenance of farm machinery include: 1. The dual-valve spring diesel engine is equipped with only one spring on a high-speed overhead diesel engine, and is equipped with two valve springs, one large and one small, which rotate in opposite directions. When one spring breaks, the other spring can still support the valve, preventing the valve from falling into the cylinder and causing an accident. Because the two springs rotate in the opposite direction, one spring does not catch the other spring after it is broken, which ensures that the other spring works normally. Some operators believe that since a spring breaks and there is a spring that can work, when a spring breaks, it is not replaced in time, or even only one spring is installed. This practice is wrong, this will undermine the original design requirements, not only the spring elasticity weakened, the valve lock may also fall off, will have serious consequences. Therefore, in a diesel engine using a double-valve spring, when a spring breaks, a new spring with the same specification must be replaced in time, and not only one spring can be installed. 2. The oil pump only changes the internal rotor. Some operators think that the oil pump wears out and the internal rotor wears. When the oil pump wears and the pressure does not meet the requirement, the internal rotor is purchased from the individual operator and replaced. This practice is wrong. The rotor-type oil pump used in small diesel engines has a strictly optional internal and external rotor. The oil delivery pressure of the oil pump mainly depends on the backlash of the inner and outer rotors and the end clearance of the inner and outer rotor end surfaces and the oil pump cover. Therefore, when the oil pump wear exceeds the limit, the entire oil pump should be replaced and the internal rotor should not be replaced. 3. Do not clean oil when replacing lubricating oil There are many drivers changing the engine lubricating oil. In order to save time, adding new lubricating oil without cleaning the oil passage is wrong. During the replacement period, there are many mechanical impurities in the lubricating oil. Although the oil was replaced during the replacement, there are still a lot of impurities in the oil pan and the oil circuit. Especially after the commissioning of the new machine or overhauled locomotive, there are more impurities. . If you add new lubricants without cleaning, it is very easy to cause burns and suspensions. 4. Not complete replacement of triangular tape Agricultural machinery used to transmit power triangle tape, generally composed of three, its section is trapezoidal, in the wheel groove rely on the friction force of the two sides to transmit power, the length of the three required tape, new and old Consistent. If one piece is damaged, it will not be replaced, but it will be used in combination with the new one. Because the length and width of the tape are different, the power transmission loss will increase and the tape will be damaged early. 5. Adjust the fuel injection pressure on the locomotive. Some operators and repairmen can save time. They are used to adjusting the pressure of the fuel injector when the diesel engine is running. This is because the unburnt fuel burns easily and the carbon deposits are easily generated. Even if the unburned fuel flows along the wall of the cylinder to the oil pan, it will dilute the lubricant and make the lubrication performance worse. Third, the pressure adjustment on the locomotive is inaccurate. The fuel injection pressure should be adjusted on the injector pressure test bench, and the fuel atomization state should be observed. 6. Use ordinary spring instead of brush spring When the generator brush spring needs to be replaced, some robots replace the brush spring with the spring in the ballpoint pen. Due to the small elastic force of the spring, the brush and the commutator are in poor contact, the generator generates abnormal power, and the charging current is unstable. Sometimes it is not. New brush springs should be replaced and they should not be used on their own. 7. Use the AK-10 starter cylinder refuel valve as the relieving valve for the relieving valve, which is used for refueling at start-up. In the work, some operators use it as a gas release valve. After the main engine catches fire, before the starter does not turn off, the valve is opened to release air and the starter is quickly turned off. In doing so, the remaining mixed oil will be discharged with the air, not only waste oil, but also damage the lubricating film on the cylinder wall and the piston surface, which will easily lead to damage of the cylinder liner, piston ring fracture, etc.; 2 will make the top of the piston pressure Sudden decline, resulting in piston rings, connecting rods and other parts damaged by the impact load. Therefore, when the starter is off, it is necessary to close the damper and the throttle first. After the speed is reduced, press the magnetism power off button to turn off the flame. 8. After the piston rings in the piston ring groove are seriously worn out, some of the pilots ingenuity, cutting a metal sheet into the ring groove, and then install the piston ring, its purpose is to make the piston ring close to the cylinder wall and increase the seal of the cylinder. Sex. In doing so, the sealing performance was slightly better, but the horn skin would wear out the piston ring groove. After a while, the iron skin would pull out the ring groove and scratch the cylinder liner and the piston. The piston ring must be replaced after it has worn out. 9. Scrape the steps to increase the ring When the piston and cylinder sleeve wear seriously, some operators scrape the upper part of the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve with a scraper, and then replace the larger size piston ring in an attempt to solve the oil sump and gas. The problem of leakage. In fact, this does not help. Because the wear of each part of the cylinder liner is very uneven, after replacing the piston ring with a larger one, the piston ring still cannot fit tightly with the inner wall of the out-of-round cylinder liner. The cylinder should be ground first, and the piston and piston ring of corresponding size should be matched, or the cylinder sleeve and piston should be replaced. 10. Pads with paper pads or copper behind some bearings When some cranks maintain the crank linkage, they find that the gap between the pads is too large. Pads or copper pads are placed behind the pads to reduce the gap between the pads. In doing so, bearing bushes are affected by heat dissipation, which can easily cause the bush to hold the shaft. The correct approach is that if the cylindrical cylindricity and roundness are in line with the requirements, the journal and the bearing with a large gap, you can replace the new specifications of the bearing. Otherwise, the crankshaft should be worn and replaced with a new one of the corresponding specification.
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