Dry milk period
During the dry period, the amount of concentrate should be controlled, and the diet should be based on roughage. However, excessive alfalfa hay and corn silage should not be fed. At the same time, minerals and salt should be supplemented to ensure that a certain amount of long hay is fed. Dry milk dietary dry matter should account for 2.0% to 2.5% of body weight, dry matter per kilogram of feed contains cow energy unit 1.75, crude protein 11% to 12%, calcium 0.6%, phosphorus 0.3%, concentrate and roughage ratio of 25: 75, the crude fiber content is not less than 20%.
2. Perinatal period
The perinatal period must be carefully maintained, and the concentrate can be gradually increased in the two weeks before delivery, but the maximum amount of feed must not exceed 1% of the body weight. At this stage, dietary dry matter should account for 2.5% to 3% of body weight. Each kilogram of feed dry matter should contain a cow energy unit of 2.00, crude protein 13%, calcium 0.2%, and phosphorus 0.3%. Immediately after childbirth, calcium was changed to 0.6%, phosphorus was 0.3%, the concentrate and roughage ratio was 40:60, and the crude fiber content was not less than 23%. The first to second days after delivery should be fed easily digestible feed, supplemental feeding 40-60 grams of sodium sulfate, free intake of high-quality forage, appropriate control of the amount of salt fed, not drinking cows with cold water. From 3 to 4 days after delivery, concentrates can be fed gradually, with a daily feed of 0.5 to 0.8 kg. Silage and tuber feed must be controlled. After 2 weeks of labor, the dairy cows have good appetite, normal digestion, lochia net discharge, and physiological swelling of the breasts. The diets can be fed according to the standard, and silage and roots can be gradually fed, but bad residue should be prevented. Root overeating and digestive dysfunction.
3. The age of lactation
During the prolific lactation period, high-energy feeds must be fed and high-yielding dairy cows must maintain a good appetite and try to eat more dry matter and concentrates, but should not overdo it. Appropriately increase the number of feedings, feed more feeds with good quality and good palatability, and at the peak of lactation, hay and silage should be freely eaten. The dry matter during the prolific lactation diet should account for more than 3.5% of body weight, 2.40 per kilogram of dry matter should contain dairy energy units, crude protein accounts for 16% to 18%, calcium 0.7%, phosphorus 0.45%, fine material and roughage ratio 60 : 40, crude fiber content is not less than 15%.
4. During and after lactation
The energy and protein in the diet should be gradually reduced in the middle and later stages of lactation. The weight of dry matter in the diet should be 3.0% to 3.2%, 2.13 per kilogram of dairy energy units, 13% crude protein, 0.45% calcium, and 0.4% phosphorus. The concentrate and roughage ratio is 40:60 and the crude fiber content is not less than 17%. Late lactation can be properly increased fine material, but should prevent cattle body fat, dietary dry matter should account for 3.0% to 3.2% of body weight, cows per kilogram of energy unit 2.00, crude protein accounted for 12%, calcium 0.45%, phosphorus 0.35% , Concentrate and roughage ratio of 30:70, crude fiber content of not less than 20%.
In addition, the feeding method should adhere to the principle of less feeding, regular ration, and feeding 3 times a day. For high-yielding cows with a daily milk output of over 30 kg, they may be fed one more time. High-quality hay in the stadium should be eaten freely. The feed supply should be balanced and stable throughout the year, and the winter and summer diets should not be too disparate. In conjunction with the diet, the maximum feed amount of various feeds should be recommended for summer diets should be properly improved nutrition, ensure adequate water supply, reduce feed crude fiber content, Increase the proportion of protein in concentrates and supplement tuber and melon feeds. Winter dietary nutrition should be rich, increase energy feed, not drink ice water, drinking water temperature should be maintained at 10 degrees.
Safety Blood Lancet
Used to make punctures to obtain small blood specimens and to prick the skin testing for allergies.
Blood Lancet
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