In winter greenhouses, tomatoes are prone to hollow stems. In severe cases, premature death of plants can result. The specific causes and protective measures are as follows.
1. The physical and chemical properties of the soil are poor. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers for a long time in the soil can easily damage the structure of the soil granules, making the soil less permeable and reducing the ability to retain water and fertilizers. In the growth of tomatoes, hollow stems tend to appear. Therefore, in the production of organic fertilizer at the same time to do a reasonable ratio of nutrients, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and enhance the ability of soil water retention and fertilizer.
2, the early period of sufficient fertilizer caused the plants to grow. After the wintering tomato colonization, sufficient fertilizer and water will cause the plants to grow in length. During the reproductive growth period, nutrient supply will be insufficient, leading to the emergence of empty stalks. Therefore, after planting, appropriate measures should be taken to control water and control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, to promote the root bar, to cultivate deep roots and strong seedlings, to avoid plant leggy.
3, roots damage caused by improper water and fertilizer. Tomato fruit enlargement requires more water and nutrients. One application of excessive fertilizer will result in root damage. Improper watering time and excessive watering will cause a sharp decline in soil temperature, and the ability of roots to absorb water and nutrients will decrease. Finally, the plant stems are hollow. Therefore, timely and appropriate watering and fertilizing should be performed according to the weather and soil conditions during production, and fertilizers such as biological bacterial fertilizers that are conducive to root growth can be properly applied during top dressing to promote root growth.
4, low temperature and other illegitimate environmental effects. When the indoor temperature of the winter shed is low, especially when the ground temperature is low, it will cause poor root development and the absorption of plant water and nutrients. In the case of oligocenes such as snow and haze, the photosynthate production of the plants will be less, and the respiration will continue to consume nutrients. , causing the plant to empty stalks. Therefore, in the winter season, greenhouses can be increased in greenhouse temperature by covering the outer layer of grasshoppers with film, indoor use of plastic film, and cultivation with high enthalpy to promote the growth of roots; in the case of low temperature, low illumination, and other unfavorable conditions, temporary temperature-increasing measures should be adopted in time. During the growth period, the management of the pruning and the spraying of foliar fertilizers are used to improve the light transmission in the fields and ensure the healthy growth of the leaves.
5, the impact of disease. Plant root-knot nematodes and soil-borne diseases such as root rot infections cause root activity to decline, the ability to absorb nutrients weakens, and empty stalks are prone to occur. Therefore, when the plant has empty stalks, it is necessary to promptly check whether root-knot nematode, wilt disease and other soil-borne diseases, if it is determined that the disease caused, we must promptly use drugs to prevent and control.
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