1. The dry milk period of the cows about 60 days before the birth, the amount of concentrate should be determined according to the sensation. The amount of concentrate should not exceed 4 kg. The concentrate is mainly high-quality hay, which can strengthen the digestive capacity of the gastrointestinal tract. Preventing cows from getting too fat, and helping cows to produce calves. At this time, attention should be paid to the supply of calcium, phosphorus and other inorganic salts, which is reduced to 1/3 to 1/2 of the usual level. Generally, the supply of calcium is 0.2% to 0.25% of the dry matter of the diet, and the phosphorus is 0.24%. It is appropriate.
Second, strengthen the primiparous cow's breast massage primiparous cows in the late pregnancy, the breeder should be more exposed to it, at the latest two or three months before the birth to get used to lactation management, including milking operations. The primiparous bovine prenatal massage of the breast can promote the growth and development of the mammary gland and increase the milk yield after delivery by 10% to 20%, promoting the affinity of humans and animals to prevent kicking. The specific method is: start about two or three months before giving birth, massage the breast 2 to 3 times a day (early, middle, late), each massage lasts 5 to 10 minutes, until 7 days before delivery. Do not wipe the nipple during massage of the breast to avoid wiping off the waxy protective material around the nipple.
Third, prevention of mastitis when stopping milk, medication for nipple closure, can effectively prevent postpartum mastitis. Specific practice: After the last squeeze of milk, take 3.2 million units of powder blue mold, 2 million units of powder streptomycin, mix 100-150 ml of vegetable oil after high temperature sterilization, mix well, use the needle Inject into the nipple hole separately. In addition, the finished product "dry milk needle" is also available on the market, which has a good effect on preventing mastitis.
Fourth, prevent postpartum sputum can not squeeze all the milk after the birth, otherwise the breast pressure will be significantly reduced, it will cause postpartum sputum of high-yield dairy cows, the first post-partum milking should be controlled at about 2 kg, the second day squeeze 1 / 3, squeeze 1/2 on the third day, after the fourth day, all can be squeezed, and the method of adjusting the amount of calcium and phosphorus should be taken. The daily supply of calcium and phosphorus is about 40 grams within 2 weeks before delivery, and the amount of post-production calcium and phosphorus is fed. Gradually return to normal levels. This method of "before high and then low" can stimulate the absorption capacity of calcium and phosphorus in cattle, and play a preventive role. Prenatal and postpartum intravenous calcium delivery can also be used. Specifically, 500 ml of 5% calcium chloride solution or 750 ml of 10% calcium gluconate is intravenously administered within 1 week before and after delivery.
5. Under normal conditions of prevention and control of the placenta, the placenta can fall off by itself within 12 hours after delivery. If the placenta has not fallen off after 12 hours (8 hours in summer), measures should be taken, otherwise adverse consequences may occur. Generally, intramuscular injection of oxytocin or intravenous injection with 10% glucose 1000 ml, the effect is better, can promote uterine contraction, discharge the fetal clothes as soon as possible. In addition, the cow should be immediately rushed to stand up after giving birth, and drink warm motherwort soup (100 grams of motherwort, 50 grams of bran, 50 grams of calcium carbonate, 10 to 15 kilograms of warm water) as soon as possible, which is also conducive to restoring physical strength and discharging the placenta.
6. For healthy and normal delivery cattle, they should be allowed to eat green hay freely. Try to avoid feeding too much corn silage from the 4th day after childbirth, with the concentrate increasing by 0.5 kg per day, so that the cows are in postpartum. Within 11 days, the daily intake of concentrates is about 10 kg. This will not only slow down the weight loss of the delivery cow within 15 days after delivery, but also promote the milk production.
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