Recently, Shaanxi Minnan readers called this newspaper, indicating that there are not many spikes of grapes in their own vineyards. I don’t know why. In this connection, the reporter interviewed Zhang Zongqin, an associate professor at the College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University. Zhang Zongqin said that there are many reasons for this situation, mainly related to flower bud differentiation, flower bud development, plastic pruning, fertilization and watering of vines. He told reporters that the flower bud differentiation of winter buds of grapes is generally from the flowering stage of the main shoots. The grape flowering stage is also the first critical period of flower bud differentiation. After the continuous development of summer, autumn and winter, the second year begins to enter the second stage after germination. A critical period of differentiation and development, gradually developed completely. Therefore, the cultivation management throughout the year is very important.
He reminded fruit farmers that in actual production, in order to promote the differentiation and development of grape flower buds, comprehensive technical measures can be taken according to the conditions of flower bud differentiation, combined with the actual production of grapes and the biological characteristics of grapes. In addition to adjusting the environmental conditions, it is more important to adjust the tree potential and adjust the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. During this period, you can start from the following seven points:
1. When winter shearing, choose the branches with bud-filled eyes and short internodes. Use medium and long-term pruning, and properly leave the result of the mother branch. After the bud, the empty branches are removed.
2. Cultivation racks that use moderate growth potential, such as inclined scaffolding, T-frames or horizontal scaffolding. The amount of staying branches should be sparse, keeping the frame surface ventilated and transparent.
3. Appropriately bind the new shoots, let the new shoots level or properly sag, and erase the secondary shoots to improve the differentiation ability of the first and third buds of the base.
4, bind new shoots, pick up the heart in time, inhibit the new shoots, promote the differentiation of the base flower buds, increase their differentiation level, and form more spikes.
5. Strictly control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the later stage of growth, increase the proportion of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, reapply organic fertilizer after fruit picking, and promote early maturity of branches.
6. Protect the leaves after harvesting, improve the photosynthesis of the leaves, and promote the accumulation of nutrients.
7. Control the occurrence of pests and diseases in a timely manner to ensure the healthy growth of the tree.
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