Seed collection. The fruit of the pear is ripe from late October to early November, and the berry-like capsules are collected from yellow-green to yellow-brown, upper micro-cracked, arils turn red, and the seeds are full. After the fruit is harvested, put it in the ventilation room, dry it for 2 to 3 days, finish the post-cooking, get it on the outdoor cement floor, step on it with your feet, step on the shell, take out the seeds, soak in the water for 24 hours, remove the red Aril seed, drift away from empty kernels, remove and dry for 2 to 3 days, with the seeding or sand storage, seed storage, pay attention to sand not too wet, so as not to rotten.
Choose a good place. The nursery should choose a well-drained, convenient irrigation, deep fertile and humid place. The soil preparation method is the same as conventional seedling cultivation, applying 100 kg of calcium phosphate per acre, 100 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer, 200 kg of manure, and 5 kg of carbofuran. After mixing, the soil is mixed into the seedbed, and the ground is deep-plowed and finely chopped. .
Sowing seedlings. Sowing can be divided into winter sowing and spring sowing. After winter sowing, the seed is treated with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, then washed with water to sow. With the mining and sowing can reduce the trouble of storage, seed germination rate is high, early emergence, seedling quality is good, but nursery management more labor. The spring sowing is from March to April. After the seeds are stored, they are moistened with sand and germinated. When some of the seeds are broken, the seeds can be sown, and the seeds can be released early, saving labor.
Seeding method. It is often used in strips, with a strip distance of 20 to 25 cm, a seeding ditch of 4 to 5 cm, a layer of 2 to 3 cm of yellow soil in the ditch, and then the seeds are evenly spread into the ditch, covered with yellow heart soil, and the thickness is not seen in the seed. Degree and cover the straw moisturizing.
Shade at the right time. The pear seedlings are afraid of sunburn. Under proper shading conditions, the seedlings grow rapidly, and the annual seedling height can reach 40-50 cm. After the seedlings were unearthed, the temperature began to rise. From the end of April to the beginning of May, a 1.8-meter-high scaffolding was installed, and a sunshade with a shade of 60% was used to facilitate the growth of the seedlings.
Cultivate weeding. The pears are deep and loose, and the ground is digging and weeding to keep the soil loose. At the same time, we must also pay attention to eliminating water and preventing root rot.
Diligent fertilization. The pear roots are well developed, the leaves are large, and the amount of fertilizer is large, so it is necessary to apply fertilizer. From May to June, during the leaf-expansion period, 0.5% urea water should be applied once every half month; in July, combined with drought-resistant topdressing; August-September is the peak growth period of seedlings, and 1 to 2 times human waste should be applied; Fertilization.
Pest Control. The disease has root rot and sunburn. The root rot is caused by high temperature and high humidity. The prevention and treatment method is to remove the waterlogging, and drip with 1% sorghum solution. After 15 minutes, wash the seedling with water to avoid phytotoxicity. Sunburn should be shaded in time, and 0.125% of thiophanate is sprayed twice in the early stage of the disease. The control effect is good. Insect pests and terrarium larvae harm the aboveground and underground parts, and can be drenched with 0.125% oxidized dimethoate, or artificially caught in the morning and evening.
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